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AP US History American Revolution

Terms in this set (55)

French and Indian War
The colonial theater of the 7 years war.
Americans
After the 7 years war, who thought that the French weren't a threat and they didn't need the British any longer for defense?
British
After the 7 years war, who thought that they'd suffered a huge debt and turned to the colonies to help pay the debt?
taxes
What was one reason the colonists rebelled after the French and Indian war?
Sugar Act and Stamp Act
What are 2 examples of taxes designed to generate revenue?
rights, revolt
Britain enacted laws that infringed on American's ______, but they did NOT generate mass ______.
Proclamation Act of 1763
What act stated no settlement beyond the Appalachian Mountains?
Quartering Act
What act required colonists to provide food, shelter, and accommodations to troops?
unity, organization, intense
There was little political ______ or _________ among the Americans and this grew overtime as opposition became more _______.
Sons of Liberty
What group formed in response to the Stamp Act?
Committees of Correspondence
Committees of patriots that communicate with each other.
true
True or False? Opposition toward the British was relatively small at first but grew over time.
Stamp Act
What was the first act to anger most Americans and start the boycott of British goods?
Boston Massacre
What event on March 5th, 1770 was the first spontaneous uprising among Americans?
Parliament
Opposition by Americans angered Britain and forced whom to become more aggressive?
Declaratory Act
What act revoked the Stamp Act but asserted Britain's right to tax Americans at any time?
Boston Tea Party
What event, led by the Sons of Liberty, happened on December 16, 1773?
Intolerable Acts
What act was designed to punish Americans, not just tax them?
close down Boston harbor, martial law, Quartering Act, new local government
What did the Intolerable Acts call for?
Lexington and Concord
Where did British troops march to put down opposition and seize weapons/supplies after the Intolerable Acts were released?
all American colonists supported the revolution
What is common myth?
elite group of leaders
Who organized the revolution?
Patriots
Which group made up the Son's of Liberty, dominated the continental congress, formed the Continental Army, and supported new state governments?
25-30%
Roughly what percentage of the population did Loyalists make up?
Loyalists
Which group was made up of wealthy nobles and political appointees, thought that Britain was justified in taxing the people, and saw the benefits-economic and military-of unity with Britain?
neutrals
Which group made of 40-50% of the population?
neutrals
Which group did not care about the outcome and just wanted to be left alone?
samuel adams, patrick henry, john adams, paul revere, and benedict arnold
Who were some of the most well-known members of the Son's of Liberty?
virtual representation
British believe that elected officials are the representatives of everyone.
actual representation
American colonists believe that there should be representatives for every state.
bloody massacre
What is the Boston Massacre also known as?
lexington and concord
"The shot heard around the world."
john locke
Whose "enlightened" philosophy in the late 1600s stated that people have natural rights, governments exist to serve and protect the people, there is a social contract between the people and the government, people agree to obey the government in return for its promise to honor the social contract, and people have the right to overthrow the government if it violates the social contract?
first continental congress
A meeting held Sept-Oct 1774; included everyone except Georgia, presented economic boycott and petitioned King George for redress of grievances; led by Patrick Henry, Samuel Adams, John Adams, George Washington.
thomas paine
Convinced Americans that they had the right to rebel in his Common Sense; asserted that King George had abused the colonists.
2nd continental congress
Began in summer 1775 and included every colony; declared war, raised army, directed strategy and appointed diplomats, De Facto national government, appoint George Washington as leader of Continental Army, and presented Olive Branch Petition.
2nd continental congress
What served as the De Facto government during the Revolution?
thomas jefferson
Who combined Locke's and Paine's ideas in the Declaration of Independence?
declaration of independence
Self-evident truths, all men created equal, inalienable rights of life, liberty, and pursuit of happiness, and government derives its authority and power from the people, people have the right to overthrow the government when it becomes self-destructive are all ideas in the...
george washington
Leader of the Continental Army.
King George III
King of England during the Revolutionary War
Benjamin Franklin
Diplomat and member of the Continental Congress; negotiated alliance with France.
John Adams
Member of the Continental Congress, defended British troops in the Boston Massacre
Thomas Jefferson
Member of the Continental Congress; wrote the Declaration of Independence
Samuel Adams
Founder of the Sons of Liberty
american advantages
What side has these advantages?
1. defensive war (only had to outlast enemy to win)
2. higher morale (fighting for own nation)
3. geography (knew land)
4. superior military and political leadership
5. shorter supply lines
6. allies (French, Spanish, and Dutch forced British to keep 90% of its forces occupied in different parts of the world)
American
What side had these disadvantages?
1. weak army (poorly equipped and trained, smaller # of troops)
2. weak navy
3. divided population (only 30% actively supported the war)
4. smaller population
British
Who had these advantages?
1. strong army and navy
2. help from loyalists, slaves, and Indians
British
Which side had these weaknesses?
1. low morale
2. long supply lines
3. major enemies among US allies
4. had to physically make the other side surrender
5. poor political leadership
Lexington and Concord
Which battle was the catalyst of the war?
Saratoga
Which battle was the turning point of the war/when French agreed to support the US?
Yorktown
Which battle did Cornwallis surrender to Washington; French fleet was the key to victory.
African slaves
Which minority group had a motive of gaining freedom through Lord Dunmore's Proclamation during the war?
women
Which minority group led economic boycotts, led the homespun movement, stepped forward when husbands were gone, and were camp followers (nurses, cooks, seamstresses) during the war?
Benjamin Franklin
Who proposed the "Join or Die" sign w/snake to get colonists to work together?
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