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complementary and alternative therapies medications and pharmacology

Terms in this set (27)

allopathic medicine
MD's practice the classical form of medicine, focused on the diagnosis and treatment of human disease
alternative modalities
not included in the scope of conventional medical care
complementary therapies
methods of treatment that are used in conjunction with conventional medical therapies
CAT
complementary and alternative therapies. many people are using to promote health and assist with healing from illness
integrative care
using some allopathic medicine and CAT. worked to design plan of care that is responsive to the its preferences and combines with the best of allopathic medicine and CAT while avoiding harmful interactions. EX. accupunture
generic name
Identifies the drugs active ingredient, is the name assigned by the manufacturer that first develops the drug
trade name
The brand name that a manufacturer gives a medication; the name is capitalized.
pharmacokinetics
The process by which drugs are absorbed, distributed within the body, metabolized, and excreted.
absorption
process by which drugs are transferred from the site of entry into the body to the bloodstream
factors that influence distribution
blood flow to the tissues
the drugs ability to leave the bloodstream
the drugs ability to enter the cells
Metabolism
also called biotransformation. the change of the drug for the original for to a new form.

liver is primary site for drug metabolism
excretion
the process of removing a drugs or its metabolites form the body

kindeyse excrete most drugs

the lungs are the primary rout for excretion of gaseous substances such as inhalation anesthetics
adverse drug effects
undesirable effects other than the intended therapeutic effect of a drug
allergic effect
immune system response that occurs when the body interprets an administered drug as a foreign substance and forms antibodies against the drug
anaphylactic reaction
severe, often life-threatening allergic reaction
drug tolerance
the tendency for larger doses of a drug to be required over time to achieve the same effect due to the body becoming accustomed to the effects of a particular drug over time
idiosyncratic effect
is an unusual or peculiar response to a drug that may manifest itself by over response, under response, or even the opposite of the expected response
drug interactions
the combined effect of two or more drugs acting simultaneously produces and effect
antagonist effect
less than that of each drug alone
synergistic effect
greater than that of each drug alone
factors affecting drug action : timing of administration
presence of food in the stomach may delay medication
some meds need to be given with food
developmental considerations for medication
infants are sensitive to medication because of the immaturity of their organs and blood brain barrier
medications dose for children are smaller than an adult dose due to small body size and lower weight and lower body water also alter distribution as do lower cardiac output and organ perfusion
teratogenic
known to have potential to cause developmental defects in the embryo or fetus
weight
expected responses to drugs are based largely on the reactions that occur when the drugs are given to healthy adults
gender
the difference in the distribution of body fat and fluids in mean and women is a minor factoring affecting the action of some drugs
cultural and genetic
religious restrictions and beliefs or cultural practices may affects the patients acceptance of response to , and compliance with certain drug therapies
Ethnopharmacology
study of the effect of ethnicity on responses to prescribed medication, especially drug absorption, metabolism, distribution, and excretion
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