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Motor Speech Week 1

Terms in this set (75)

motor speech disorders
Speech disorders secondary to neurological impairments. Affects neuromuscular execution and motor speech planning & programming.
cognitive-linguistic processes
Organization and conversion of thoughts, feelings, and emotions into verbal symbols that follow the rules of language
Motor Speech Planning & Programming
Selection and sequencing of sensorimotor programs to activate the speech musculature at the required duration, intensities, and times
Neuromuscular Execution
Neuromuscular transmission, resulting musculature contraction, and movement of speech structures
dysarthria
impaired speech due to disturbances in neuromuscular control of speech mechanism (PNS or CNS)
dysarthria key points
o Biggest misconception is that dysarthria = slurred speech
o Collective name for group of neurologic speech disorders
o Neurologic in origin
o Disorder of neuromuscular execution
o Categorization based on perceptual characteristics
o Across the lifespan
flaccid dysarthria
locus: LMN
primary deficit: weakness
spastic dysathria
locus: UMN (BL)
primary deficit: spasticity
ataxic dysarthria
locus: Cerebellum
primary deficit: incoordination
hypokinetic
locus: Extrapyramidal
primary deficit: rigidity and reduced ROM
hyperkinetic
locus: Extrapyramidal
primary deficit: involuntary movements
Unilateral UMN
locus: Unilateral UMN
primary deficit: weakness and incoordination
mixed
locus: more than one
primary deficit: more than one
Apraxia of Speech
•Deficit in the ability to sequence speech-producing movements
•Primarily affects articulation & prosody
•Occurs frequently with left hemisphere damage (often co-occurs with aphasia)
AOS Key Points
oNeurologic speech sound disorder
oImpaired motor speech planning, programming, & control
oAcross the life span—CAS + AOS
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