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History final vocab--Yasi

Terms in this set (48)

culture
the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors shared by and passed on by the members of a specific group
society
shares a common language, a sense of identity, and it's culture
ethnic gropu
shares language, customs, and heritage but has an identity as a separate group within the region
innovation
taking existing elements and creating something new from them
diffusion
the spread of ideas, inventions or patterns of behavior
cultural hearth
a place where ideas, materials, and technolgy spread out to other cultures
accultration
the acceptance or adoption of an innovation by society
dialect
speech patterns related to class, region or other cultural changes
religion
the belief in a supernatural power or powers that are regarded as creators and maintainers of the univers
birthrate
the number of live births per year
fertility rate
the average number of children a woman would have in her lifetime
mortality rate
also called the death rate, the number of deaths per thousand
infant mortality rate
the number of deaths among infants under age one per thousand live births
rate of natural increase
the ate at which the population is growin
population pyramid
graphic device that shows gender and age distributions of population
push-pull factor
reasons why people migrate
population density
average number of people who live in a measurable area
carrying capacity
the number of organisms a piece of land can support
state
an independent unit that occupieds a specific territory and has control of its internal and external affairs
nation
a group of people wit a common culture living in a territory and having a stonge sense of unity
nation state
when a nation and a state occupy the same territory
democracy
government in which citizens hold political power either directly or through elected representative
monarchy
government in which a ruling family hold political power
dictatorship
individual or group hold complete power
communism
all political powerand means of producton are held by the government
landlocked
having no outlet to the sea
city
area with large populaton, center of business and culture
urban geography
the study of how people use space in cities
suburb
political unit touching the central city or other suburbs that touch the city
urbanization
rise int eh number of cities and the changes in lifestyle that result
CBD
teh commercial core of the city
economy
teh production and exchange of goods and services
economic system
teh way people produce and exchange goods
command economy
production of goods and services is determined by a central gov
market economy
production of goods and services is determined by the demand from consumers
natural resources
materials on or in the earth tha have economic value
infrastructure
the basic support system needed to keep an economy going
per capita income
amount of money earned by each person in a political unit
GNP
the total value of all goods and services produced by a country in a time period
GDP
the value of only goods and services produced within a country in a time period
appalacian mountain
major mountain chain in the eastern US
great plains
largely treeless area in the interior lowlands
canadian shield
rocky, flat area that surrounds hudson bay
rocky mountains
mountain chain in the western US and canada
continental divid
line of the highest points in the rockies that marks the separation between rivers flowing ot he east and the west
great lakes
five large lakes found in the central us and canada
mississipi river
north americas longest river
makenzie river
canadas longes river
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