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Health Exam 2 Ch 8

Terms in this set (85)

How many adults in the United States are classified as obese?
A) More than 50 million
B) More than 60 million
C) More than 70 million
D) More than 80 million
C
Bob calculated his body mass index (BMI) to be 27. This classifies him as
A) underweight.
B) ideal weight.
C) overweight.
D) obese.
C
A female's basal metabolic rate (BMR) is highest during
A) menopause.
B) puberty.
C) childhood.
D) old age.
B
The most accurate and complete way to determine ideal body weight is to
A) measure body composition.
B) record how much you eat per day in a journal.
C) compare bone mass to muscle mass.
D) compare height to weight
A
Jim, who is 34 years old, has body fat percentage of 24%. This is categorizes him as
A) athletic.
B) normal weight.
C) overweight.
D) obese.
C
Stuart is 19 years old, is a champion swimmer, and has a body fat percentage of 6 percent. This classifies him as
A) underweight.
B) overweight.
C) normal weight.
D) obese.
A
There are two categories of stored body fat: essential and
A) adipose.
B) storage.
C) nonessential.
D) intrinsic.
B
A woman whose body weight is more than 10 percent below healthy recommended levels is
A) anorexic.
B) bulemic.
C) low BMI.
D) underweight.
D
The type of fat that is necessary for maintaining basic life and reproductive functions is
A) essential fat.
B) intrinsic fat.
C) storage fat.
D) subcutaneous fat.
A
Research has found that there are health risks associated with how fat is distributed in the body. In which area of the body is fat the biggest risk to health?
A) Hips
B) Abdomen
C) Thighs
D) Buttocks
B
The system of measuring body composition by using a caliper to measure an underlying layer of fat is known as
A) bioelectrical impedance analysis.
B) dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
C) the skinfold method.
D) hydrostatic weighing.
C
Carla had her body fat measured using a method that sent a low level of electrical current through her body, which is known as
A) BIA (bioelectrical impedance analysis).
B) DXA (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry).
C) MRI (magnetic resonance imaging).
D) EKG (electrocardiogram).
A
Which of the following best describes research findings on the genetics of obesity?
A) Statistics show a 50% chance of being obese if both parents are obese.
B) Statistics show that only those with the "thrifty gene" will be able to resist obesity.
C) Twin studies show no evidence that there is a major genetic influence in weight.
D) Twin studies support genetic influence, but the environment plays a substantial role.
D
A person with the "thrifty gene" has
A) a decreased chance of obesity.
B) a slower metabolism.
C) a faster metabolism.
D) an easier time maintaining weight.
B
What role does leptin play in weight management?
A) It stimulates the appetite.
B) It lowers BMR.
C) It signals satiety.
D) It lowers blood sugar.
C
Which hormone plays a significant role in appetite stimulation?
A) Leptin
B) Insulin
C) Ghrelin
D) Thyroxine
C
How does leptin act in the body?
A) It signals the brain that the stomach is full.
B) It regulates the production of insulin.
C) It signals the brain that the body needs food.
D) It increases the rate of metabolism.
A
A person whose body weight is 100% or more above ideal weight is
A) average.
B) overweight.
C) obese.
D) morbidly obese.
D
The part of the brain that regulates appetite is the
A) hypothalamus.
B) pituitary gland.
C) frontal lobe.
D) medulla.
A
Steve is thin and seems to be able to eat as much as he wants while not gaining weight. Which concept is a possible explanation for his ability to stay thin?
A) Thrifty gene
B) Satiety theory
C) Set point
D) Adaptive thermogenesis
D
When fat cells swell and become larger as weight is gained, what process is occurring with these cells?
A) Hyperdensity
B) Hyperplasia
C) Hyperedema
D) Hypertrophy
D
Troy's weight has always been around 180 pounds. When he gains a few pounds, he usually drops the extra weight relatively quickly but rarely drops below 180. Troy's ability to maintain a "standard" weight exemplifies which theory?
A) Genetic determination
B) Basal metabolism
C) Set point
D) Environmental affect
C
For some obese adults, gastric bypass surgery has been shown to be effective in treating
A) disordered eating.
B) heart disease.
C) type 2 diabetes.
D) colon cancer.
C
Metabolic rates begin to slow at which life stage?
A) After age 20
B) After age 30
C) After age 40
D) After age 50
B
Rachel has gone on and off starvation diets for years. This will hinder long-term weight loss because this type of eating pattern
A) hinders nutrient metabolism.
B) fosters inappropriate exercise habits.
C) increases the amount of essential fat.
D) slows down the basal metabolic rate.
D
An increase in waist circumference increases the risk for diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and
A) kidney failure.
B) cancer.
C) stroke.
D) irritable bowel syndrome.
C
Which of the following improves the success rate of maintaining weight loss?
A) Yo-yo dieting
B) Calorie-restricted maintenance diet
C) Fat-burning supplements
D) Regular exercise
D
Judith is taking an over-the-counter weight loss pill that works by decreasing the amount of fat her body can absorb. She is most likely taking
A) Ephedra.
B) Meridia.
C) Alli.
D) Hoodia gordonii.
C
One pound of additional body fat is created by consuming how many extra calories?
A) 1,000
B) 2,000
C) 2,500
D) 3,500
D
Linda always eats when she watches television. Watching television is an example of a
A) weight factor.
B) cognitive cue.
C) eating trigger.
D) behavioral response.
C
Abdul is looking for a reputable weight-loss program. Which of the following would be the best choice?
A) A program that offers prepackaged meals
B) A program that promises quick results
C) A program based on a very-low-calorie diet and a strict eating schedule
D) A program that allows for individual choices in real-world situations
D
When fasting or eating a very-low-calorie diet for prolonged periods, the body will find fuel from its energy stores. One of the last reserves the body will use is from
A) subcutaneous fat.
B) fat stored in the liver.
C) protein in muscles and organs.
D) glycogen stores in the brain.
C
When the body is in starvation mode or has been subject to a very-low-calorie diet, it will metabolize body fat to produce an alternate fuel for brain cells; this process is known as
A) ketogenesis.
B) basal metabolism.
C) hyperplasia.
D) hyperglycemia.
A
The feeling of fullness at the end of a meal is called
A) satisfaction.
B) satiety.
C) fulfillment.
D) discomfort.
B
Diets with a daily caloric value of 400 to 700 calories are termed
A) severe-low-calorie diets.
B) extreme-low-calorie diets.
C) very-low-calorie diets.
D) low-calorie diets.
C
Which of the following surgical procedures decreases the absorption of food into the body?
A) Lastric banding
B) Gastric bypass
C) Liposuction
D) Lap banding
B
Most weight loss supplements contain caffeine and/or
A) laxatives.
B) diuretics.
C) analgesics.
D) minerals.
B
The surgical procedure that removes fat cells from specific parts of the body is known as
A) malabsorption surgery.
B) liposuction.
C) gastroplasty.
D) restrictive surgery.
B
A condition characterized by an excessive number of fat cells is
A) hypothyroidism.
B) hyperplasia.
C) hypoglycemia.
D) hypertrophy.
B
Automobiles, Internet use, and sedentary jobs are which type of factors that contribute to weight gain?
A) Genetic
B) Environmental
C) Situational
D) Triggering
B
Obesity is a risk factor for
A) heart disease, cancer, stroke, and diabetes.
B) certain forms of cancer.
C) type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
D) cardiovascular disease and cancer.
A
Problems with the BMI measurement include that it
A) is an indirect estimate of body fat.
B) requires the use of special laboratory equipment.
C) takes too long to calculate.
D) cannot be used for children.
A
Which environmental factor encourages us to increase our food consumption?
A) Easy access to high-calorie foods in stores and restaurants
B) Increasing number of regulations that apply to food labeling
C) Social encouragement to work out and be active
D) Increasing use of texting for cell phone communication
A
The amount of energy the body uses at complete rest is known as the
A) resting metabolic rate.
B) basal metabolic rate.
C) metabolic balance.
D) caloric restriction.
B
The concept of adaptive thermogenesis attempts to explain
A) how genetics influences childhood obesity.
B) how thin people can consume large amounts of calories without gaining weight.
C) how obese people conserve calories, which makes it harder to lose weight.
D) how metabolic rate slows down as we age.
B
A person's exercise metabolic rate will increase if he or she
A) decreases the time spent exercising.
B) performs light daily activities instead of structured exercise routines.
C) increases the activity level from light to moderate.
D) decreases the activity level from moderate to light.
C
A measurement based on the relationship between a person's height and weight that is highly correlated to the amount of body fat is the
A) body composition index.
B) obesity index.
C) body fat index.
D) body mass index.
D
The measure of energy expended while a person is engaged in sedentary activities, such as sitting on a sofa or digesting food is the
A) calorie intake.
B) basal metabolic rate.
C) exercise metabolic rate.
D) resting metabolic rate.
D
Which theory holds that some people have a genetic disposition toward fat storage and retaining weight?
A) Hormone adjustment theory
B) Set point theory
C) Thrifty gene theory
D) Adaptive thermogenesis theory
C
Which type of weight loss surgery involves a procedure that restricts stomach size to limit food intake?
A) Adipose tissue removal
B) Liposuction
C) Gastric banding
D) Gastric bypass
C
The majority of adults
A) think their bodies are perfect.
B) are dissatisfied with their bodies.
C) exercise excessively.
D) want to be more muscular.
B
A healthy body image can contribute to enhanced
A) career prospects.
B) social connections.
C) self-esteem.
D) athletic performance.
C
Which of the following best defines body image?
A) Specific physical flaws that you focus on
B) Your impression of what others think about your appearance
C) Your overall feelings, perceptions, and assumptions about your body
D) Physical attributes you have inherited from your parents
C
Rita doesn't like the way she looks and complains to her friend Sue that she has the biggest thighs in town. She is ashamed to wear a bathing suit at the beach. Rita has
A) succumbed to peer pressure.
B) a negative body image.
C) a bad attitude.
D) improved her self-confidence.
B
The body image continuum developed by researchers at the University of Arizona
A) points out ways to enhance body image.
B) only identifies behaviors associated with a negative body image.
C) only identifies behaviors associated with a positive body image.
D) includes a range of attitudes and behaviors related to body image.
D
People who see only negatives when they look in the mirror and feel separated from their body are in which phase of the body image continuum?
A) Distorted body image
B) Body hate/dissociation
C) Body preoccupied/obsessed
D) Body ownership
B
Which of the following statements is true with respect to the relationship between body image and culture?
A) Media images have little influence over what we find attractive.
B) Ads and commercials often convey messages related to attractiveness.
C) The ideal body image for women has always been to look thinner.
D) Today's ideal body image is very similar to the typical American body.
B
What is the most important thing to remember when talking with a friend about his or her eating disorder?
A) Be a good listener and let the person know that you care.
B) Show that you care by outlining a plan for how he or she can get help.
C) Do your research and offer advice based on the latest treatments.
D) Be supportive by assuring your friend that you don't really think he or she has a problem.
A
Which of the following are risk factors that can lead to an eating disorder?
A) Family history of diabetes
B) Media influence and low self-esteem
C) Family history of mental illness
D) Economic and political status
B
Tiffany is going through puberty and is concerned about her appearance. Her father assures her that she is growing into a beautiful young lady and that he is very proud of her. His reaction will likely cause her to
A) develop a positive body image.
B) have feelings of discomfort around members of the opposite sex.
C) be ashamed of her body.
D) have a negative body image.
A
True body image disorders are diagnosed
A) in a high percentage of Americans who are dissatisfied with their body.
B) in a small percentage of the American population.
C) most frequently among members of minority groups.
D) most frequently among adolescents.
B
People who spend a significant amount of time viewing their body in a mirror and comparing their body to others are in which phase of the body image continuum?
A) Distorted body image
B) Body hate/dissociation
C) Body preoccupied/obsessed
D) Body ownership
C
A common myth that contributes to negative body image is
A) how you look is more important than who you are.
B) achieving optimal health is the most important thing.
C) eating healthy and staying active is an effective weight loss strategy.
D) you don't have to be extremely thin to look good in clothes.
A
People who believe that their body shape and size prevents them from dating or having a meaningful relationship are in which phase of the body image continuum?
A) Distorted body image
B) Body hate/dissociation
C) Body preoccupied/obsessed
D) Body ownership
A
Karen is extremely dissatisfied with her body shape. She diets constantly and has undergone three cosmetic surgeries to alter her facial structure. Karen is most likely suffering from
A) social physique anxiety.
B) anorexia nervosa.
C) body dysmorphic disorder.
D) bulimia nervosa.
C
The physical flaw that most individuals focus on related to negative body image is
A) overweight.
B) height.
C) muscle definition.
D) facial blemishes.
A
Purging after meals is an example of
A) binge eating.
B) disordered eating.
C) compulsive exercising.
D) strict management of calorie intake.
B
The body image disorder that results in a person becoming so obsessed with looking good that they no longer function normally in interpersonal relationships is
A) anorexia nervosa.
B) social physique anxiety.
C) bulimia nervosa.
D) binge-eating disorder.
B
Individuals with a fear of gaining weight that is so intense it leads to self-starvation suffer from
A) amenorrhea.
B) anorexia nervosa.
C) bulimia nervosa.
D) social physique anxiety.
B
After drastic weight loss, an anorexic individual will most likely
A) feel satisfied with their body image.
B) feel that they are too fat.
C) feel that they can regain some of the weight.
D) feel in control of their weight.
B
A compensatory behavior is a behavior that
A) is rooted in obsession.
B) tries to balance out a previous behavior.
C) is caused by an underlying anxiety disorder.
D) has no potentially negative consequences.
B
Darren works out excessively and has a well-developed, muscular body but low self-esteem. He may be suffering from
A) rejection by his family of origin.
B) social physique anxiety.
C) muscle dysmorphia.
D) athletic injuries.
C
The binge-and-purge cycle is characteristic of
A) binge-eating disorder.
B) social physique anxiety.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) bulimia nervosa.
D
An individual who regularly consumes excessively large amounts of food but does not purge or use other measures to lose the weight they have gained is suffering from
A) bulimia nervosa.
B) anorexia nervosa.
C) binge-eating disorder.
D) night-eating syndrome.
C
A term that is interchangeable with the term compulsive exercise is
A) anorexia nervosa.
B) anorexia athletica.
C) female triad.
D) muscle dysmorphia.
B
Which syndrome involves the interrelated health problems of low energy intake, menstrual dysfunction, and poor bone density?
A) Muscle dysmorphia
B) Bulimia nervosa
C) Anorexia nervosa
D) Female athlete triad
D
The disorder with the highest death rate of any psychological illness is
A) muscle dysmorphia.
B) bulimia nervosa.
C) anorexia nervosa.
D) female athlete triad.
C
Eating disorders that are not classified as anorexia or bulimia are eating disorders
A) not otherwise specified.
B) involving recurrent purging.
C) that are not dangerous.
D) related to female athlete triad.
A
The female athlete triad occurs when a woman burns stores of fat for energy to the point that levels of which critical hormone decline?
A) Cortisol
B) Estrogen
C) Progesterone
D) Testosterone
B
How you see yourself in the mirror, how you picture yourself in your mind, and how you feel about your body are aspects that create your
A) sex appeal.
B) self-esteem.
C) self-image.
D) body image.
D
What percentage of American women report being dissatisfied with their appearance?
A) 70%
B) 75%
C) 80%
D) 85%
C
Feeling shame, discomfort, or anxiety about your body is part of having a(n)
A) obsessive body image.
B) exaggerated body image.
C) positive body image.
D) negative body image.
D
Seeing yourself as you really are and accepting your body's unique features is part of having a(n)
A) obsessive body image.
B) exaggerated body image.
C) positive body image.
D) negative body image.
C
Some body image disorders have been linked to differences in the brain's ability to regulate
A) neurotransmitters.
B) neurotoxins.
C) glucose and insulin.
D) anxiety responses.
A
A pattern of abnormal food-related behaviors used to achieve or maintain a lower body weight is known as
A) a strict diet.
B) binge eating.
C) picky eating.
D) disordered eating.
D
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