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American economy

Terms in this set (33)

The Canal Age (1820-1850)
As new England settlers moved west into Illinois and indiana there became a need to link the new homesteads in the East
Erie Canal
built by Dewitt Clinton, completed in 1825, increased trade in NYC so much that it became the commercial center of the US
Dewitt Clinton
NY governor
Railroads
faster, cheaper, overcame the downfall of canals-the mountain
9.6 Million
US population in 1820
31.5 Million
US population in 1860
90% of immigrants before the Civil War came from
Ireland or Germany
irish immigrants
unskilled, illiterate, fleeing potato famine, clogged cities on eastern seaboard
German immigrants
mixture of unskilled peasants, artisans, and political refugees
The Philadelphia Riot of 1844
a riot that broke out between Catholic immigrants and Protestant "natives", very often Catholic churches and convents were burned
Know-Nothing-Party
Political group that echoed nativist sentiment to restrict immigration and control Catholicism
"Awful Disclosures"
written by Maria Monk in 1836
Temperance Movements
sprouted up in Midwest to counter the introduction of German bier
working conditions in most american factories
were abysmal; poor wages, housing, and long hours
children were often used in factories
to perform tasks that only their small frames/hands could accomplish
National Trades' Union
labor union founded in 1834 as a conglomeration of numerous journeymen's organizations
Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842)
case heard by the MA Supreme Court, lifted the ban on strikes and labor unions for Boston
Cult of Domesticity or Republican Motherhood
women were chained to the home by
Catherine Beecher
called women to enter into the workplace as teachers
Larger cities
brought easily tapped pool of labor, and crowded slums, poor sanitation, diseases
Francis Lowell's mills in Lowell, MA
were the print for the American industrial factory (Lowell system)
Cotton
2/3 of US exports by 1860
Most southernors
lived on small farms, owned few or no slaves, and grew a cash crop (cotton, tobacco, sugar, or rice)
Eli Whitney
created the Cotton Gin (1793) and Interchangeable Parts
Samuel Colt
invented the revolver (1836)
Charles Goodyear
created vulcanized rubber (1844)
Elias Howe
created the sewing machine (1846)
Isaac Singer
perfected the sewing machine (1857)
Cyrus McCormick
developed the mechanical reaper (1834)
Samuel F. B. Morse
invented the telegraph (1832)
Robert Fulton
created the steamboat Clermont which ran from NYC to Albany (1807)
John Deere
invented the steel plow (1837)
Cyrus Field
First Trans-Atlantic communications cable (1858)
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