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Chapter 16 - How Genes Work
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Terms in this set (48)
DNA replication explains how?
genes are inherited during the duplication of cells or in the creation of offspring
the process of using a DNA template to make an RNA molecule that has a base sequence complementary to the DNA. DNA is transcribed into RNA by RNA polymerase
transcription
RNA transcription runs?
5' to 3'
is the process of using the information in mRNA to synthesize proteins. Information stored in messenger RNA is translated into proteins by ribosomes
translation
is the genetic determinant of an organism's physical traits and has its basis in the DNA sequence of genes
genoype
is a collection of physical traits in an organism based on the the types and amounts of proteins (and RNA molecules) made by it. The basis of an organism's phenotype is its genotype
Phenotype
genotype predicts what
phenotype
Many RNA molecules, like the rRNAs and tRNAs or ribosomes are not destined to become ___________ but are nevertheless...
proteins ; vital for life
Reverse transcriptase is found in RNA viruses like HIV and are used to make
DNA molecules from RNA molecules
Prions are self-replicating protein aggregates associated with what disorders? like (2 examples)?
neurological disorders like Alzheimer and Parkinson disease
what specified how sequences of nucleotides becomes sequences of amino acids
the genetic code
The genetic code is read in
triplicate
Each nucleotide triplicate specifying an amino acid is called a?
codon
CHECK 24:30 used to predict how a transcript will tell us which amino acid sequence to use
codon
The genetic code is (3 things)?
unambiguous, redundant, nearly universal
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Verified questions
BIOLOGY
A manufacturing company has developed a machine for cleaning carpet that is fuel-efficient because it delivers carpet cleaner so rapidly. Of interest is a random variable Y, the amount in gallons per minute delivered. It is known that the density function is given by f(y)=1, for $7 \leq y \leq 8$, f(y)=0, elsewhere. (a) Sketch the density function. (b) Give E(Y), E(Y2), and Var(Y).
BIOLOGY
Which statements are true? Explain why or why not. Motor neurons trigger action potentials in muscle cell membranes that open voltage-sensitive $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ channels in T tubules, allowing extracellular $\mathrm{Ca}^{2+}$ to enter the cytosol, bind to troponin C, and initiate rapid muscle contraction.
BIOLOGY
Use the paragraph and table to answer the question. A researcher studying fruit flies finds a fly with brown-colored eyes. Almost all fruit flies in nature have bright red eyes. When the researcher crosses the brown-eyed fly with a red-eyed fly, all of the $F_{1}$ offspring have red eyes. The researcher then crosses two of the $F_{1}$ red-eyed files and obtains the following results in the $F_{2}$ generation. $$ \begin{matrix} \text{ } & \text{Results of Eye Color Experiment} & \text{ }\\ \text{Phenotype} & \text{Number of Flies in} F_2 \text{Generation}\\ \text{Red Eyes} & \text{37}\\ \text{Brown Eyes} & \text{14}\\ \end{matrix} $$ Propose genotypes for the fruit flies in the P generation and the $F_{1}$ generation. Then draw a Punnett square to describe the $F_{2}$ generation.
BIOLOGY
Describe the three basic methods of ecological research
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