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Exam 2 All

Terms in this set (127)

Abdominal aorta is
left to IVC
Left gastro-mental arteries arise from
splenic artery
Falciform ligament found
between liver and anterior abdominal wall
The ureter
lies anterior to sacrum
Renal pyrmamids
the apex of each pyramid is called renal papilla
Renal arteries arise from
abdominal aorta
Right gastric artery is
a direct branch of common hepatic artery
Inferior mesenteric artery supplies
descending colon
Stomach is divided into
cardia, fundus, body, and pylorus
Hepato-pancreatic duct is opened at
descending portion of the duodenum
Appendix is a projection extended from the
cecum
Ligamentum teres (round ligament) is
an obliterated umbilical vein
Collecting ducts collect the well-formed urine and terminate at
renal papilla
Deep inguinal ring is a defect in the internal oblique muscle aponeurosis
false
All of the following structures are innervated by greater splanchnic nerve except
Ilium
Left suprarenal gland is located at the superior pole of the spleen
false
Which of the following is correct pertaining to the inguinal ligament?
it is composed of the aponeurotic fibers of the external oblique muscle
Which of the following regarding spleen is true
tail of the pancreas is located and the hilum of spleen
The cause of dilated veins around the umbilicus in this patient could be due to:
anastomoses between portal vein and superior/inferior epigastric veins
The patient was admitted for possible surgery. Under general anesthesia, the peritoneal cavity...all of the following layers are affected in anterior abdominal wall incision except:
renal fascia
Superior mesenteric artery supplies all of the following structures except
stomach
Superior mesenteric artery
crosses the transverse portion of the duodenum
Transversalis fascia is located between
transverse abdominis muscle and peritoneum
Spleen is
an organ of hematopoiesis in fetus
Common bile duct is formed by
cystic duct and common hepatic duct
Renal hilum
contains renal vessels
Ureter connected inferiorly to
urinary bladder
Renal columns are
extensions of renal cortex into the renal medulla
Which is the deepest structure in the anterior abdominal wall?
transversalis fascia
Blood from gastrointestinal tract goes to the liver via portal vein
true
Renal pyramids are located in the _____ region of the kidney
renal medulla
The surgeon mobilizing the descending colon from the posterior abdominal wall... which is obtained from all of the following vessels except:
inferior mesenteric artery
All of the followings regarding stomach is true except
the pylorus is the part between the cardia and fundus
Which of the following is not part of the foregut?
jejunum
The subsequent renal colic referred to medical and anterior aspect of the thigh and pubic region is the result of afferent fibers which travel via
L1-2
What are the major veins that join and form the protein vein?
splenic vein and superioir mesenteric vein
Adrenal glands
secrete hormones directly into blood circulation
Inferior vena cava
enters the thorax through caval opening
The esophagus
pierce the diaphragm at the T10 level
Rugae is mucosal fold found in
stomach
A 35-year-old alcoholic man came to the clinic with pain at the right upper abdominal quadrant. Which of the following could be a possible origin of pain?
All of the above
He mentioned that the pain is increased with food intake and relieved by vomiting. He lost 20 pounds in the last 2 months. The yellow coloration of skin could be due to
excess bilirubun pigments in the circuluation
A defect in what anatomical structure is highly likely to be associated with yellow coloration in the patient?
common bile duct
What is highly likely to explain vomiting in this patient?
duodenal obstruction
Laboratory tests revealed evaluated liver enzymes...highly located in this patient?
head
At the hospital he had an episode of vomiting...
at the hepatoduodenal ligament
The cause of vomiting blood in this patient could be due to
rupture espophageal carices and anastomoses between left last. Vein and azygous
This patient might also complain of
bloody feces
What would be a possible cause of enlarged spleen in this patient?
increased blood flow in splenic vein that leads to splenic congenstion
Pyloric sphincter is located between
stomach and duodenum
Which of the following abdominal muscles is the most superficial?
External oblique
Peritoneum consists of
parietal layer and visceral layer
Which of the following regarding liver is not true?
covered completely with peritoneum
Which of the following regarding the main pancreatic duct is not true?
secretes pancreatic enzymes into portal circulation
Duodenum is continuous with ____ at the midline
jejunum
Nephrolith is a condition with gall bladder
false
Ascities refers to
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
Which is incorrect pertaining to the rectus abdomens muscle or rectus sheath?
the muscle runs diagonally between pubic tubercle and ASIS
Ileocecal valve is junction between
cecum and ilium
Which regarding transversalis fascia is true?
it underlies the transverse abdominus muscle
Abdominal cleavage lines (Langer's line) run longitudinal in the anterior abdominal wall
False
Twisting of intestinal loops is commonly associated with abdominal pain and vomiting. This condition is known as
Volvulus
All of the following are direct branches of abdominal aorta except
inferior epigastric artery
Gastrosplenic ligament is attached between
stomach and spleem
Which of the following regarding appendix is not true?
parasympathetic innervation of the appendix is via pelvic splanchnic nerves S2-S4
Pain associated with kidney stone may reach the inguinal region via L1 fibers
true
Superior mesenteric vessels cross the ____ of the duodenum
transverse portion
Kidney is the most posterior organ in the abdomen
true
Which of the following is incorrect regarding portal vein?
portal vein is formed by joining of the two common iliac veins
Jejunum
has a wider lumen than ilium
Which part of the colon is not innervated by the vagus nerve
descending colon
Pheochromocytoma is an adrenal gland tumor associated with excessive production of epinephrine and malignant hypertension
True
Which of the following is incorrect pertaining to the umbilicus?
linea semilunaris pass at the umbilicus
Direct hernia is protrusion of part of intestine via
superficial inguinal ring
Left suprarenal vein drains blood into left renal vein
true
The tributaries of inferior vena cava include
renal veins
All of the following share in the formation of portal vein except
inferior vena cava
Which of the followings concerning superficial inguinal ring is incorrect?
ir is formed by a defect of external oblique muscle aponeurosis
Renal pelvis
is the junction between major calyces and ureter
All of the following are branched of the celiac trunk except
superior epigastric artery
Vagus nerve supply all of the following organs except
sigmoid colon
Liver holds in its place and attaches to anterior abdominal wall via
falciform ligament
Which of the following pertaining kidneys is not true?
Kidney stones are known as choleliths
Villi and microvilli are characteristics of
jejunum and ilium
Which of the following statements concerning pancreas is not true
its main pancreatic duct opens directly into inferior portion of the duodenum
Sigmoid colon is supplied by
inferior mesenteric artery
Obstruction of portal circulation might be associated with all of the following conditions except;
nephroliths
Porta hepatis is located at
hepatoduodenal ligament
Which of the following organs is normally located in the lower left region of the abdomen
sigmoid colon
Kidney is rich in arterial anastomosis around each segment
false
Esophagitis is inflammation of the esophagus and associated with heartburn
true
Most of the lymphatic vessels drain the breast will pass through the
axillary nodes
Right subclavian artery is one of the major branches of the aortic arch
false
Thymus is getting large and fully mature at puberty
false
An organ located in the posterior mediastinum is
esophagus
Dilated veins radiated from the umbilicus are called
caput medusae
The initial pain in the flank and inguinal region result from a nephrolith is due to visceral afferent fiber that travel via
T12-L2 nerves
All of the following statements concerning blood supply in the vicinity of the kidney are correct except
left suprarenal artery only originates from the left renal artery
The abdominal incision was closed in layers. As a result of the location and direction of the incision, healing might be expected to be accompanied
minimal scar formation
Which of the following concerning the ureter is correct:
it descends anterior to psoas muscle
Interruption of blood supply of the ureter is associated with systemic hypertension
false
Scarpa's fascia refers to the
deep layer of the superficial fascia of the abdominal wall
Anterior abdominal wall is a well-developed and complete wall supported by abdominal muscles and fascia
true
Which of the following is incorrect pertain to the esophagus?
it is innervated by the vagal trunks and lesser splanchnic nerves
Inflammation of the esophagus could be identified as pain in the _____ region expect,
umbilicus
Which does not describe the stomach
has no smooth muscle layer
Which of the following is correct pertaining to the stomach
parasympathetic increase gastric secretion and motility
Direct branch of celiac artery includes
left gastric artery
Portal vein enters the liver at ______ of the visceral surface
porta hepatis
A minor stone stuck at the hepato-pancreatic ampulla. Which of the following could happen as a consequence?
cholecystitis and pancreatitis
Appendix is innervated by
T10-T11
Which of the following is a characteristic of the colon
epiploic appendages
Intussusception
herniation of small intestinal into large intenstine
Splenic flexure is formed between
transverse and descending colon
Ileum is suppled by
superior mesenteric artery
Which of the following is incorrect pertain to the kidneys?
the renal pelvis is the junction between the renal artery and renal hilum
The suprarenal glands
are typically drained by one vein
Rectum
is supplied by a branch of IM
Which of the following regarding common iliac vein is incorrect
it has venuous draining from the kidney
Which of the following is incorrecting pertaining to the pelvis?
male pelvis is wider subpubic angle than female pelvis
The muscles of the anterior abdominal wall assist in all of the following activities except:
inspiration
What is incorrect pertaining to deep inguinal ring
abdominal structure passing through it are usually medial to the inguinal vessels
Protrusion of fat or abdominal viscera through an opening is known as hernia
true
What is incorrect pertaining to the esophagus?
it is innervated by the vagal trunks and lesser splanchnic nerves
Inflammation of the esophagus could be identified as pain in the ____ regions
mediastinal, epigastric, nipple
Perforated ulcer was seen at the pylorus. What arteries are likely to be injured?
right gastric artery and right gastro-omental artery
SVC is formed by junction of
right and left brachiocephalic veins
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