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MTEL General Curriculum Mathematics Subtest

Terms in this set (43)

slope of a line
Rise
-----
Run

y₂-y₁
---------
x₂-x₁
X to the 2nd power > 0 (always!)
X to the 2nd power is always greater than zero
X to the zero power = 1 (always!)
X to the 0 power is always equal to 1
mean
Average
median
Middle Number
range
Distance between highest and lowest scores in a set of data.
equation of a line
y=mx+b
perpendicular
Lines that intersect forming four 90 degree angles.
parallel lines
Lines that never intersect
area of a rectangle
A=bh
area of a circle
A=πr² (Area = 3.14R squared)
perimeter of a rectangle
P=2l+2w
circumference
2πR
The distance around a circle
Isosceles Triangle
A triangle that has at least two congruent (same) sides
Equilateral Triangle
A triangle with three congruent (same) sides and three 60 degree angles.
Pythagorean Theorem
a²+b²=c²
Hypoteneuse
the longest side of a set square or a right triangle (opposite the right angle)
volume of a rectangle
volume = length x width x height
volume of a cylinder
V = HπR²
sum
to add
product
to multiply
rational number
A number that can be written as a fraction or a repeating decimal
irrational number
A number that goes on forever. It is a non-repeating or non-terminating decimal.
reciprocal
(mathematics) one of a pair of numbers whose product is 1: the reciprocal of 2/3 is 3/2
absolute value
The distance a number is from zero on a number line. ALWAYS POSITIVE | 6 | = 6
divisor
A number by which another number is divided
obtuse triangle
An angle that is more than 90°, but less than 180°,
A triangle where one angle measures over 90 degrees.
integer
All whole numbers (both positive and negative) and zero.
square root
a number that when multiplied by itself equals a given number
prime number
A whole number that has exactly two factors, 1 and itself.
natural number
All positive numbers (not including zero)
greatest common factor
The largest factor that two or more numbers have in common.
consecutive
Following in order
fraction
A part of a whole 1/4
algorithm
A methodical, logical rule or procedure that guarantees solving a particular problem.
inequality
A mathematical sentence that contains less than, greater than, less than or equal to, greater than or equal to, or not equal
equation
A mathematical sentence that contains an equals sign.
percentage
% A ratio that compares a number to 100
order of operations
the order in which operations in an expression to be evaluated are carried out. 1. parentheses 2. exponents 3. multiplication and division 4. addition and subtraction
remainder
Amount left over after dividing a number
radius
A straight line from the center to the circumference of a circle or sphere.
pyramid
A polyhedron with a polygon base and triangular sides that all meet at a common vertex.
rhombus
A parallelogram with four equal sides
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