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8th Grade science Cell Vocabulary

Terms in this set (26)

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
passages that help with the assembly and transport of proteins
Eukaryotic Cells
Cells that have a membrane bound nucleus and organelles. Ex. animal cells and plant cells
Cell Membrane
Controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell
Cells
The basic building blocks of living organisms
Vacuoles
Sac-like structures where water and nutrients are stored.
Ribosomes
Structure that assembles protein
Organelles
Tiny cell structures inside the cells that perform specific jobs.
Nucleus
The cell's control center which contains the DNA
Prokaryotic Cells
Cells with no membrane bound nucleus or organelles; ex: Bacteria
Mitochondria
Organelle that uses energy from food by breaking down compounds to release energy for the cell.
Nucleolus
Organelle inside the nucleus that produces ribosomes
Lysosomes
Digestion and breakdown of materials within the cell
Golgi Apparatus
Modifies, sorts and packages proteins from the ER and distributes them to the rest of the cell
Chloroplast
Organelle in a plant cell that traps sunlight to make its own food.
Chlorophyll
A green pigment in chloroplasts that traps sunlight
Cell Wall
A rigid covering of a plant cell made of cellulose; gives shape to a cell
Cytoplasm
Jellylike fluid that surrounds the organelles
Centrioles
Point of attachment for spindles during cell division
Cytoskeleton
Helps maintains a cell's structure and shape
DNA
Shape is the double helix, molecule that carries genetic instructions
Theodor Schwann
Concluded that all animal tissues consist of cells
Robert Hooke
Came up with the term "cell"
Anton Van Leeuwenhoek
First scientist to see microorganisms by using a microscope
Matthias Schleiden
Concluded that all plants are made of cells
The 2 organelles that are in plant cells only
Cell Wall and Chloroplasts
The 3 parts of the Cell Theory
1. All living things are made of cells.
2. The cell is the smallest unit of life.
3. All new cells come from preexisting cells.
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