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Ch 13 Psy 321

Terms in this set (30)

Cooperative
situation in which people must work together with others to help all achieve their goals
prejudice
feeling go negativity toward and individual based on his or her membership in a collective
racism
attitudes of bigotry toward a particular race
aversive racism
state of simultaneously holding egalitarian values and negative feelings toward people of other races
competitive
situation in which people can attain their goals only if others do not
discrimination
treatment of people that is unequal, based on the collectives or classifications they belong to
stereotype
belief that associates classifications of people with certain traits
subtype
classification that people use for individuals who do not fit a general concept
categorization
tendency of humans to naturally sort objects into classifications
social categorization
process of sorting people into classifications on the basis of common characteristics
outgroup member
person who belongs to a different collective or classification than we do
in-group member
person who belongs to the same collective or classification as we do
outgroup homogeneity bias
assumption that a different collective's constituents are similar to one another then our own
stigma by association
rejection of those who associate with oppressed or socially unacceptable others
homophobia
fear of homosexuals or homosexual behavior which is excessive
stigma
characteristic of individuas that are considered socially unacceptable
in-group favoritism
treatment that is preferential toward, or more favorable attitudes toward people in one's own collective
minimal group effect
idea that people show partiality their own collectives constituents even when membership is random
superordinate goal
plan that can be met only by cooperating and working with others
realistic conflict theory
the idea that competition over scarce resources leads to intergroup hostility and conflict
discontinuity effect
idea that collectives are more extreme, and often more hostile, than individuals
contact hypothesis
idea that regular interaction between constituents of different classifications reduces bigotry
salience
being obvious or standing out
scapegoat theory
idea that blaming problems and misfortunes on other collectives contributes to negative attitudes towards them
self-serving bias
tendency for people to take credit for success but refuse blame for problems and failures
confirmation bias
tendency to focus more on what supports one's expectations than on evidence that contradicts
jigsaw classroom
cooperative learning technique for reducing bigotry by having students interact and cooperate to learn
self-fulfilling prophecy
prediction that ensures, by the behavior it generates, that it will come true
self-defeating prophecy
prediction that ensures, by the behavior it generation, that it will NOT come true
stereotype threat
fear that one might confirm the assumptions that others hold
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