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Rome

Terms in this set (46)

Patricians
Wealthy, land-holding, upper-class, group of powerful Romans. (They were the rich people of Rome.)
Plebeians
Common, regular people of Rome. They were the farmers, artisans, and merchants who had little wealth or power. They elected tribunes to represent them in government. (They were the poor people of Rome.)
Senate
The law-makers of Rome. Made up of 300 members from the Patricians. They served for life.
Consuls
Two officials who headed the Roman Republic government. They were elected by the Senate. One managed the government and the other commanded the army.
Tribunes
People who represented the Plebians in government.
veto
"I forbid" - to forbid/prevent a law from going into effect. Consuls could veto each other's laws.
dictator
A person who was given total power in times of crisis. But the power was temporary.
triumvirate
It is a government by 3 (tri) people with equal power.
Julius Caesar
He was made dictator (absolute ruler) in 45BC. He realized Rome needed reforms, so he gave land to the poor and increased the Senate to 900 members. By increasing the number of Senators, he weakened the Senate's power. He was assassinated by some senators 44BC.
gladiator
A prisoner, criminal, or slave who served as a professional fighter in Rome. The most famous place they fought at was the Colosseum.
Tiber River
The river where Rome was founded.
The Etruscans
Lived in a region just north of Rome called Etruria. Conquered the Romans in 616BC. Introduced the arch and army structure to the Romans.
Republic
A government where some citizens have the right to elect their leaders.
Punic Wars
A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage (264-146 B.C.); Rome won all 3 wars and Carthage was destroyed. Rome became the dominant power in the western Mediterranean.
Hannibal
Carthaginian military commander in the 2nd Punic War. Attempted a surprise attack on Rome by crossing the Alps with a large group of soldiers, horses, and elephants.
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