Upgrade to remove ads
Only $35.99/year

Neuro Kines exam 3

Terms in this set (101)

1. Angle of facet joints in thoracic spine:
transverse (60) ; frontal (20)
1. Spinous process of thoracic vertebrae, where does it match up with
Spinous processes of T1-T2 at same level as transverse processes; T3-T9: in line with TP of level below; T10-T12: at level as own TP
What happens with neural foramen and spinal canal when you flex/extend the spine
Flex forward: gets larger SP farther apart, vertebral bodies come closer
Extend: neural get more narrow SP closer together, vertebral bodies farther
Two muscles in stability of lumbar spine
Multifidi and transversus abdominous
1. Rotation of cervical spine
Most rotation occurs in upper cervical spine because there are no discs between occiput, atlas, and axis
1. Retraction and protraction of cervical spine
Retraction: (make double chin) flexion of upper cervical, lower cervical extension
Protraction: upper cervical extension, lower cervical flexion
1. When you turn your head what happens to the spinous process
When turn your head spinous process moves in the oppose direction
Nodding your head (concave convex rule
Convex occipital condyles moving on concave atlas
1. When tilt to right or left what happens to condyles of occiput
Lateral tilt to the right will have right occipital condyle moving anterior and left occipital condyle moving posterior and vise versa
1. Disc in the tmj
Biconcave; creates an upper and lower compartment, creates stability, decreases friction; thinner in the central portion and thicker in peripheral portions; excellent shock absorber; laterally and medially stabilized by collateral ligaments
Articulating surfaces of tmj regarding vascularity - what happens with compression/sheering forces
They are covered by avascular fibrocartilage which can withstand large amounts of compressive and shearing forces
1. Rotation & translation in TMJ
Bottom: rotation
Top: translation
1. 4:1:1 ratio
4:1:1 ratio between opening, lateral excursion, and protrusion;
for 40mm of opening, there is 10 mm of lateral excursion, and 10mm of protrusion
1. Left and right lateral excursion TMJ
When you measure left lateral excursion, we are measuring the function of the right TMJ
1. Normal resting position of tongue
Tongue against palate with the tip slightly behind the posterior side of the upper central incisors
1. Position to avoid with spondylolisthesis
Extension/hyperextension
Effect of foot posture on the lumbar spine
1. Over pronated foot 2. Rotation of lumbar spine away from over pronated foot
1. Joint center for cervical flexion/extension
External auditory meatus
1. 2 fix points for thoracic sidebending in goniometry
1. posterior aspect of SP of S1 2. Tape measure from finger tips to ground
1. stretching upper trap
bring right ear to right shoulder (vice versa
1. what happens with bending movements in spine
bending moments occur in the vertebral bodies during movements; flexion causes tensile forces posteriorly and compressive forces anteriorly
1. ligament disrupted in rheumatoid arthritis and downs syndrome
transverse ligament
1. uncinate processes
arise from the lateral margins of the superior end plates of the vertebral body
C1-C2
neck flexion/extension
C3
neck lateral flexion
C4
shoulder elevation
C5
shoulder abduction
C6
elbow flexion/ wrist extension
C7
Elbow extension/ wrist flexion
C8
Thumb extension
T1
finger abduction
1. stretching SCM
lateral/same side (rotation)
head up: both being stretched
side bend: opposite side being stretched
1. stretching levator scap
incision on neck in c5-c6 region, c5-c6 disc exposed and removed, drill makes hole between to vertebrae, a dowel of bone graft is placed into the hole to complete the fusion
1. know temporalis- muscle contraction
-bilateral contraction closes the mandible
-unilaterally deviates the mandible to same side
-posterior fibers minimally retract the mandible from rest position
-all fibers retract mandible if it is fully protruded
-guides biting motion
1. masseter -muscle contraction
initiates elevation of mandible
-adds force to closure
-contributes to clenching and grinding
orthostatic position
teeth are slightly apart, normal freeway space, tongue placed on palate
freeway space
separation between the central incisors; referred as interocclusal space
centric occlusion
teeth are in max intercuspation
central relation
the most congruent contact between disc/eminence and disc/condyle with the disc interposed
straight profile
neutral: class 1 type
retro inclined
dorsal occlusion; class 2 type
antero inclined
ventral occlusion; class 3 type
1. different shapes with different lumbar movements
flexion: curve reversal
sidebending: C curve
Extension: increased lordosis
1. rotating trunk, which obliques are involved
rotate to right; right internal and left external obliques working
rotate left; left internal and right external obliques working
1. most limited and unlimited movement of thoracic spine
side bending more easily done than rotation
primary respiratory muscle
diaphragm
intercostales
levatores costarum
serratus posterior inferior
serratus posterior superiod
transversus thoracis
1. 2 points of reference for lumbar and thoracic flexion & extension
-C7 and S1
1. difference between c1 and c2 and how it relates to rest of the upper spine
C1&C2 ATLAS AND AXIS
1. complete way to stretch upper trap
bring ear to shoulder and put arm behind back
tmj in horizontal plane & what happens
direction of the temporal joint is in an oblique and sagittal direction- causes condyles to translate laterally as we open our mouths as condyles slide forward
1. tmj in oblique plane & what happens
convex condyle does not articulate with the concave temporal or mandibular fossa but against the convex slope and apex
1. properties of disc in tmj
divides TMJ into an upper and lower compartment
-innervated by the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve
1. micro and macro traumas for TMJ
macro: hit on the mandible via punch or fall
micro: bad oral habits; leaning forward to read or watch TV
1. what happens when you extend lumbar spine with lordosis
increased lordosis
1. where does spinal cord end
L2
1. ligaments in lumbar spine
-anterior longitudinal ligament
-posterior longitudinal ligament
-interspinous
-supraspinous
-intertransverse
1. diaphragmatic breathing
breathing in without raising shoulders; engaging
1. moveable arm for cervical rotation
align to distal tip of the nose
1. flexion and extension of thoracic and lumbar spine (cm )
flexion: 10cm
extension: ¼ of flexion value
1. stationary arm for thoracic and lumbar rotation
align with two acromial processes
1. know what normal TMJ depression, protrusion, and lateral deviation is (mm)
depression: 35-50 mm
protrusion:6-9mm
deviation: 10-12 mm
1. hand placement for lumbar and thoracic spine extension in MM testing
hands clasped behind head
1. angle of legs for measuring lower abs
normal (10): 0 degrees
good + (9): 15 degrees
Good (8): 30 degrees
Good - (7): 45 degrees
Fair + (6): 60 degrees
Fair (5): 75 degrees
stretching the right scalene
look up and to the left
what vertebrae dermatomes effects ear, neck and jawline
c3
pain between the trap and the neck (extending to back of neck) is caused by which vertebrae
C4
pain at back of neck, front of deltoid, inner arm, and pec is from which vertebrae
C5
Pain on the center on deltoid and extending down the arm to the tumb and up the back to the spine
C6
Pain in trap, posterior deltoid, back of arm, wrist and to index and middle finger
C7
pain in wing of arm, elbow, bottom forearm and into ring and pinky finger; posterior pain in upper back, across scapula blade, toward armpit along back of arm and elbow
C8
pain in chest, armpit, above medial epicondyle and down internal arm to wrist; posterior portion mid back, over scapula, and into crease between arm and torso ( armpit)
T1
pain in upper back and across chest (above nipples)
T2
Pain in upper back along scapula, across chest (slightly above nipples)
T3
pain across chest (along nipples) on the back toward the bottom of scapula
T4
pain on Top of diaphram and extends to below scapula
T5
top of stomach pain, extends to posterior upper back (below scap)
T6
middle back pain extending to upper stomach
T7
pain near mid-upper stomach and middle of back
T8
middle back pain, pain right above belly button
T9
pain at same level of belly button, extending to mid back
T10
pain below belly button extending to mid-lower back
T11
pain in middle groin, extending above pelvis and to mid-lower back
T12
upper lower back pain, leading into pelvis and groin
L1
upper inner thighs and upper low back pain
L2
low back pain, pain extends to middle thigh to inner leg, medial knee, and calves
L3
pain in lower back, runs along outer thigh, cross knee and to medial shin and ankle bone and inner big toes
L4
low back pain/ pain in upper butt and extends to outer/ back thigh, down outer to inner shin bone to top of foot and first 4 toes and bottom of foot
L5
upper butt pain, down middle of hamstrings and calf extending to pinky toe
S1
inner butt down inner hamstring, down inner calf, over heel and ends between big toe and 2nd toe
s2
Pain around anus
S3, S4
pain at anus
S5
1. What happens to nucleus propulsus when you flex or extend
Goes in opp direction
1. Position to avoid with spondylolisthesis
Extension/ hyperextension
1. Positions you should promote with stenosis in lower cervical spine
Flexion
1. what happens with bending movements in spine
bending moments occur in the vertebral bodies during movements; flexion causes tensile forces posteriorly and compressive forces anteriorly
1. approach for midcervical fusion
incision on neck in c5-c6 region, c5-c6 disc exposed and removed, drill makes hole between to vertebrae, a dowel of bone graft is placed into the hole to complete the fusion
functional unit of TMJ front and back
posteriorly : cranio-cervical joint
anteriorly: cranio-mandibular joint
1. movement lateral excursion of TMJ
the condyle and the disc of the joint opposite (contralateral) to the direction of movement are pulled forward, downward, and medially along anticular ligament; the condyle of the ipsilateral side only minimal movement takes place, rotation around a vertical axis and lateral shift; these motions take place in upper joint space
1. what happens with center of rotation of tmj
tmj rotation occurs lower compartment
1. where does protrusion occur in tmj
measure horizontal distance between upper and lower central incisors
1. para functions of tmj
nail biting, clenching, grinding
Other sets by this creator