Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

Human Growth and Development Across the Lifespan - C217

Terms in this set (29)

Multidirectional
Some dimensions expand and others shrink
Multidimensional
Has biological, cognitive, and socioemotional dimensions
Plastic
The capacity for change
Lifelong
Early adulthood is not the endpoint of development; no age period dominates development
Multidisciplinary
Various areas of study have an interest in the field of development through the lifespan.
Contextual
All development occurs within a context or setting.
Nature
An organism's biological inheritance.
Nurture.
An organism's environmental experiences.
Continuity
Development is gradual, cumulative changes.
Discontinuity
Development is sudden and in distinct phases.
The view that we are influenced by our early experiences.
Stability
The view that we develop into someone different as we become adults.
Change
His theory has five psychosexual stages, and believed that adult personalities are determined by how we resolve conflict at each stage.
Freud
His theory has eight psychosocial stages and he believed that a person's primary motivations are social and reflect a desire to affiliate with people.
Erikson
His theory of cognitive development has four stages that a person goes through as they try to understand their world.
Piaget
His sociocultural cognitive theory emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development.
Vygotsky
Emphasizes that individuals manipulate information, monitor it, and strategize about it,
Information Processing
B.F. Skinner's theory that through the consequences of a behavior produce changes in the probability of the behavior's occurrence.
Operant Conditioning
Relations between behavior, person/cognition, and environment are reciprocal rather than one-way.
Bandura's Social Cognitive Model
Bronfenbrenner's theory that development reflects the influence of several environmental systems.
Ecological theory
Stresses that behavior is strongly influenced by biology, is tied to evolution, and is characterized by critical or sensitive periods.
Ethology
Erikson's 1st stage, ages 0-1. Infants in this stage learn to trust when their basic needs are met consistently and warmly. When needs are not responded to consistently, an infant may develop a sense of distrust towards his/her primary caregivers.
Trust vs Mistrust
Autonomy vs Shame
Erikson's 2nd stage, ages 1-3. Infants begin to assert their sense of independence/autonomy and exhibit a will of their own. If restrained too much, punished too harshly, or not allowed sufficient time, they are likely to develop a sense of shame and doubt.
Initiative vs Guilt
Erikson's 3rd stage, ages 3-5. Preschool face new challenges that require active, purposeful, responsible behavior. Feelings of guilt may arise, though, if the child is irresponsible and is made to feel too anxious.
Industry vs. Inferiority
Erikson's 4th stage, between 6 and 11 years, when the child learns to be productive
identity vs identity confusion
Erikson's fifth stage.
Intimacy vs. Isolation
Erikson's sixth stage, in which individuals may form deeply personal relationships, marry, begin families. Failure to due so may result in isolation.
generativy vs stagnation
Erikson's seventh stage.
integrity vs despair
Erikson's final stage in which those near the end of life look back and evaluate their lives.
YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE...