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Ap exam 3

Terms in this set (31)

Source of blood glucose during the post-absorptive "fasted" state ?
Glycogenolysis
Catabolism of cellular protein
Lipolysis in adipose tissue and the liver
Anabolism includes reactions in which ________.
larger molecules or structures are built from smaller ones
What term describes the action of an endurance runner the night before the race as she carbo-loads when eating a large pasta dinner?
Glycogenesis
Basal metabolic rate
Energy the body needs to perform only its most essential activities
Micronutrients include vitamins and minerals and provide energy in the form of calories ? T/F
False
In the case of a person who consumes a normal, balanced diet, proteins are essential to the body for all
Formation of functional molecules like hemoglobin
Production of enzymes, clotting factors, antibodies
Production of some hormones
Which nutrient yields the highest amount of energy per gram when metabolized?
Lipids
When ketone bodies are present in the blood and urine in large amounts, it usually indicates increased metabolism of ________.
fatty acids
The process of breaking triglycerides down into glycerol and fatty acids is known as ________.
lipolysis
Source of complex carbs
Potatoes
Gluconeogenesis is the process in which ________.
Glucose is formed from pyruvate molecules
Which hormone directs essentially all the events of the absorptive "fed" state?
Insulin
Triglycerides and cholesterol do not circulate freely in the bloodstream? T/F
True
Ghrelin, produced by the stomach, is a powerful appetite stimulant. T/F
True
Glycogen is former in the liver during the
Absorptive "fed" state
Metabolism refers to
the sum of all the physical and chemical reactions occurring in the body
Red blood cells lack mitochondria. As a result, ATP production is solely through____?
Glycolysis
Phospholipids thought it is not an energy molecule has importance in the body because it _____
Is the major component of plasma membranes and membrane bound organelles
The body cannot produce essential amino acids, therefore we must obtain essential amino acids from food? T/F
True
What is the first region of the small intestine called?
duodenum
This is the only digestive organ that contains 3 layers of muscle
Stomach
Absorption
Process by which the product of digestion pass through the GI tract (alimentary canal) into the blood of lymph
Digestion
Chemical or mechanical process of breaking down foodstuffs to substances that can be absorbed.
Dehydration
Enzymatic breakdown of any type of food molecule
The absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine is enhanced by increasing the surface area of the mucosal lining. Which of the following accomplish this task?
Microvilli
degultition
The voluntary phase of swallowing takes place within the mouth
The involuntary portion of swallowing takes place in the pharynx
The mouth pharynx and esophagus all take part in swallowing
This layer of the GI tract is responsible for peristalsis
Muscularis
The pancreas has both an endocrine and exocrine function?
True
Saliva
Moistens food and aids in compacting of the bolus
Cleanse the mouth
Contains enzymes that begin the breakdown of carbohydrates
Which structure prevents food and beverages from entering the larynx ?
Epiglottis
A doctor consulting a patient that recently has had their gallbladder removed would likely advise ?
Eating foods that are low in fat
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