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US History - section 1 -Civil War

Terms in this set (30)

Popular Sovereignty
A belief that ultimate power resides in the people.
Lewis Cass (1782-1866)
War veteran, diplomat and U.S. Senator, He ran as the Democratic candidate in the 1848 election, losing to Zachary Taylor. Popular Sovereignty
Henry Clay
Distinguished senator from Kentucky, who ran for president five times until his death in 1852. He was a strong supporter of the American System
Compromise of 1850
Agreement designed to ease tensions caused by the expansion of slavery into western territories
Stephen Douglas
Senator from Illinois who ran for president against Abraham Lincoln. Wrote the Kansas-Nebraska Act and the Freeport Doctrine
Millard Fillmore
13th President
Frederick Douglass
(1817-1895) American abolitionist and writer, he escaped slavery and became a leading African American spokesman and writer
Kansas-Nebraska Act
a law that allowed voters in Kansas and Nebraska to choose whether to allow slavery
Crittenden Compromise
1860 - attempt to prevent Civil War by Senator Crittenden - offered a Constitutional amendment recognizing slavery in the territories south of the 36º30' line
Franklin Pierce
14th President
Republican Party
1854 - anti-slavery Whigs and Democrats, Free Soilers and reformers from the Northwest met and formed party in order to keep slavery out of the territories
James Buchanan
15th President
Election of 1860
Lincoln elected President
Secession
Formal withdrawal of states or regions from a nation
Fugitive Slave Law
Enacted by Congress in 1793 and 1850, these laws provided for the return of escaped slaves to their owners
Underground Railroad
a system of secret routes used by escaping slaves to reach freedom in the North or in Canada
Harriet Tubman
United States abolitionist born a slave on a plantation in Maryland and became a famous conductor on the Underground Railroad leading other slaves to freedom in the North (1820-1913)
Dred Scott v. Sanford
Supreme Court case that decided US Congress did not have the power to prohibit slavery in federal territories and slaves, as private property, could not be taken away without due process
Roger Taney
State banks where Andrew Jackson placed deposits removed from the federal National Bank in an effort to destroy the bank
Abraham Lincoln
16th President of the United States
Lincoln-Douglas Debates
1858 Senate Debate, Lincoln forced Douglas to debate issue of slavery, Douglas supported pop-sovereignty, Lincoln asserted that slavery should not spread to territories, Lincoln emerged as strong Republican candidate
Freeport Doctrine
Doctrine developed by Stephen Douglas that said the exclusion of slavery in a territory could be determined by the refusal of the voters to enact any laws that would protect slave property
Sumner-Brooks Incident
Brooks beat Sumner over the head with his cane, severely crippling him
John Brown
(1800-1859) anti-slavery advocate who believed that God had called upon him to abolish slavery
Harper's Ferry Raid
Occurred in October of 1859. John Brown of Kansas attempted to create a major revolt among the slaves
Uncle Tom's Cabin
a novel published by Harriet Beecher Stowe in 1852 which portrayed slavery as brutal and immoral
Sociology of the South
George Fitz Hugh talks about paternalism; said interests of slaves were isomorphic with society
The Impending Crisis of the South
A book written by Hinton Helper. Helper hated slavery and used this book to try to prove that non-slave owning whites were the ones who suffered the most from slavery
Lecompton Constitution
The pro-slavery constitution suggested for Kansas' admission to the union
Turner Rebellion
although it was unsuccessful, it was the most violent slave rebellion in American history; it prompted many states to strengthen their slave codes
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