fuse the first thoracic ganglion to form the Stellate ganglion; heart, posterior cranial arteries, lower neck and armpost-ganglionic projections from inferior cervical chain ganglia?medulla of brain stem (exit skull via jugular foramen -formed by articulation b/t occipital and temporal bones)where do pre-ganglionic cell bodies originate for the vagus nerve?right heart and SA nodeRight vagus inervates?left heart and AV node.left vagus innervates?1. decreased chronotorpy
2. reduction in inotropy
3. decreased BP
4. constriction of coronary arteries
5. improved lymphatic drainage.parasympathetic effects on the heart?T1-4sympathetic innervation to the carotid body/ sinus?CN IX & CN XParasympathetic innervation to teh carotid body/ sinus?T1-4/5Sympathetic innervation to the heart?CN XParasympathetic innervation to the heart?Ectopic foci, ventricular tachycardia, V-fibEffects of hypersympathetic activity of left heart/AV nodeAV blockEffects of hyperparasympathetic activity of left heart/AV nodeSinus tachycardia, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT).Effects of hypersympathetic activity of right heart/SA nodeSinus BradycardiaEffects of hyperparasympathetic activity of right heart/SA nodeICS b/t 2nd and 3rd ribs at the sternocostal junctionmyocardium anterior CP?Intertransverse space b/t T2 and T3, midway b/t the SP and TPmyocardium posterior CP?T1-5/6 left (lesser extent on the right)reported sympathetic reflex levels of the myocardium?Occiput - C2reported parasympathetic reflex levels of the myocardium?left arm, left jaw, epigastric region, anterior L chest wallreferred pain from myocardiumb/t T4-T8location of the pericardium? (spinal levels)Heart, origin of great vessels, pericardium, phrenic nerve, and pericardiophrenic vessels.What is contained within the middle mediastinum?base, sternocostal surface and diaphragmatic surfaceWhat are the 3 surfaces of the heart?1. OA
2. Upper thoracic - CN X
3. lower thoracic - contributions from ganglia
4. thoracic spine: thoracic inlet, paraspinal tissue texture changes from T1-5, type 2 SD
5. ribs
6. thoracic diaphragmBiomechanic considerations for CV system? (6)Coronary arteries (branches arise off the ascending aorta).
RCA: to RA, RV, SA node; posteriorly to AV node; inferior wall, posterior IV septum and post/med papillary muscle
LCA: LAD branch and LCX branch. LAD branch supplies LV, LA, bundle of His, anterior 2/3 of IV septum and part of RV.
In 40% of people, the LCA supplies the SAarterial supply to the myocardium and epicardium?Parallels the arterial supply.
1. Coronary sinus: largest vein draining myocardium, receives blood from LV via great cardiac and middle cardiac veins and blood from RV via the middle cardiac vein. Then drains into the RA.
2. Ant cardiac veins drain a small portion of the RV and empty directly into RA; as do small subset of veins called smallest cardiac veins which drain portions of myocardium.Venous drainage of myocardium?Draining myocardium and subendocardial CT follows major arterial supply.
Conjoin into single lymphatic vessels which ascends b/t pulmonary trunk and LA to drain into the Right lymphatic duct.Lymphatic drainage of the myocardium?T1-5What spinal levels should you screen for CV viscerosomatics?
