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pediatrics

Terms in this set (46)

developmental milestone
breath-holding spell
--benign and most occur in age 6m to 2y with emotional trigger
--spell present with either cyanosis or pallor and a variant of vasovagal syncope due to ANS dysfunction
chronic constipation is a risk factor in toddler for what?
--recurrent cystitis due to bladder compression by distended rectus impacted by stool--urinary stasis and UTI
differential diagnosis of regurgitation & vomiting in infant
--GRED is very common in infant due to short esophagus, incomplete closure of LES
by age 12m, an infant weight and height increase how much
weight triple and height incre 50%
newborn with cyanosis and hypoxia that fail to improve or even worse with 100% O2 supply should consider
--PDA dependent CHD
congenital CMV vs toxoplasma infection
--both have chorioretinitis
--both may present hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice and blueberry muffin
--both have intracranial calcification (CMV is periventricular calcification vs toxo in diffuse calcification)
--CMV cause microcephaly vs toxo macrocephaly with hydrocephalus
duodenal hematoma
--more common seen in child following blunt abdominal trauma
--present with bowel obstruction Sx such as epigastric pain, bilious vomiting
--Tx: gastric decompression and parenteral nutrition
difficulty swallowing, feeding refusal & vomiting in infant or toddler should rise suspicion for
foreign body ingestion
management for congenital diaphragm hernia
--endotracheal intubation
--gastric tube placement to decompress stomach and bowel
--contraindicate with bag-and-mask ventilation which will worse respiratory decline
in child, recurrent, self-limiting episode of profuse vomiting and nausea without an apparent cause suggest
--cyclic vomiting syndrome
--key historical features include a history of identifiable trigger (stress, infection) or personal/family history of migraine
suspected Developmental dysplasia of the hip in early infancy should be evaluated with?
--hip ultrasound (<4m old)
--hip x-ray (>4m old)
neonatal jaundice
physiological jaundice could start occur at d2-d4.
--jaundice occur at D1 most likely is due to autoimmune hemolysis at mother with blood type O or Rh (-).
Abd x-ray showed triple bubble sign and gasless colon in a neonate suggest
--Jejunal atresia
--due to poor gut perfusion
--risk factor: maternal use of vasoconstrictive med or cocaine abuse.
Abd x-ray showed double-bubble sign and gasless colon in a neonate suggest
--duodenal atresia
--associated with down syn
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