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Skeletal System Review for Anatomy

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (60)

Tendon
Connects muscle to bone
Ligament
Connects bone to bone
Compact Bone
dense outer layer of bone
Spongy Bone
composed of small needle like pieces of bone and lots of open space
Yellow Marrow
stores fat
Red Marrow
produces blood cells
Periosteum
the fibrous tissue that covers the diaphysis
Ossification
process of bone formation
Osteocytes
mature bone cells
Osteoblasts
Bone building cells
Osteoclasts
cells that break down bone matrix
axial skeleton
head, neck, trunk
appendicular skeleton
Arms, legs, pelvis
Cranium
Skull
Mandible
Jaw
Clavicle
Collar bone
Scapula
Shoulder blade
Sternum
Breastbone
Rib Cage
12 bones that protect vital organs of the chest
Humerus
Upper arm long bone
Radius
Forearm bone that follows the thumb
Ulna
Forearm bone that follows the pinky.
Pelvis
Hip bone
Carpals
Wrist bones
Metacarpals
Palm bones
Phalanges
Fingers or toes
Femur
Thigh bone
Patella
Kneecap
Tibia
Long bone that follows the big toe
Fibula
Long bone that follows the pinky toe
Tarsals
Ankle bones
Metatarsals
Bones of the sole of feet
Cartilage
a strong flexible connective tissue
Vertebrae
26 small bones that make up your backbone
cervical vertebrae
The portion of the spinal column consisting of the first seven vertebrae that lie in the neck.
thoracic vertabrae
each of the twelve bones of the backbone to which the ribs are attached
lumbar vertebrae
Contains 5 vertebrae.
sacral vertebrae
Single bone formed by the fusion of the 5 embryonic vertebrae.
Coccyx
tailbone
The amount of spinal curves...
4
Primary curves
Includes the thoracic and sacral - appear late in fetal development.
Secondary curves
Includes cervical and lumbar - appear months after birth.
ilium
part of the hip bone
sacrum
segment of the vertebral column that forms part of the pelvis
pubis
forms the anterior portion of the pubic bone, located just below the urinary bladder
ischium
forms the lower posterior portion of the pubic bone and bears the weight of the body when sitting
ball and socket joint
hip and shoulder joints
hinge joints
Joints that can bend and straighten but cannot rotate; they restrict motion to one plane.
elbow and knee
pivot joint
neck: allow limited rotation or turning of the head.
ellipsoidal joints
gliding joints allow bones to slide over one another
calcaneus
heel bone
temporal bone
Bones that cover the sides of the head, near the ear
cheek bones
zygomatic
occipital bone
back of head
parietal bone
top of head
long bones
bones of the arms and legs
short bones
bones of the wrist and ankles
flat bones
bones of the ribs, shoulder blades, pelvis, and skull
irregular bones
bones of the vertebrae and face
Sesamoid
Small and round bones that protect from stress and wear on tendons
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