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OHVA Physical Science 8

Terms in this set (22)

heterogeneous
mixtures in which different part have different compostions, made of different proportions of particular atoms and molecules.
homogeneous
a mixture in which the ratio of each component to the others is the same everywhere in the mixture.
solutions
a mixture which the substances are completely and evenly mixed; down to their individual molecules. Sugar-water is a solution
mole
the amount of a substance
law of conservation
a law that states that all mass is conserved during a chemical reaction.
exothemic reaction
a chemical reaction in which energy is released into it's surroundings.
endothermic reaction
a chemical reaction in whcih energy is absorbed from it's surroundings. It absorbs more energy from it's surroundings than it releases.
combustion reaction
an exothermic reaction in woth oxides are usually formed. We get energy from fuels as the result of combustion energy.
decompostion reaction
a kind of chemical reaction in which a single compound is broken down into more simpler compounds.
chromatography
separation of substances in a mixture by which differences in their attraction to a substance over which they passed.
distillation
physicially separating a solution of a solid and a liquid by boiling off the liquid.
volatility
to evaporate at a certain temperature.
catalyst
a substance present during a chemical reactio0n but is not used up or changed duringa chemical reaction.
equilibrium
the state of a chemical system in which the rates of the forward and reverse reactions are equal.
ionic bond
the force of attraction between a charged atom (or a group of connected atoms) and the other with the opposite charge, it usually contains a metal and nonmetal.
valence electrons
the electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.
covalent bond
a bond in whcih electrons are shared in between the bonded atoms.
polymer
a molecule consisting of repeating chemical units, it is covalent. It can form long chains. Repeating along chain is called a monomer.
reactants
the starting molecules in a chemical reaction.
products
the molecules that result from a chemical reaction.
precipitate
a solid that forms as a result of a chemical reaction. A white sold preciptate may form when aluminum chloride is added to a sunstance that contains aluminum.
photosynthesis
bonds are rearranged to form glucose and oxygen.
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