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Gluteal and Thigh Regions

Terms in this set (136)

Gluteal Region boundaries
Superior: iliac crest
Inferior: inferior border of glute max (gluteal fold)
Gluteal Region ligaments (2)
1. sacrotuberous l.
2. sacrospinous l.
Passageway for structures entering/leaving PELVIS
Greater sciatic foramen
Passageway for structures entering/leaving PERINEUM
Lesser Sciatic Notch
Greater Sciatic Foramen contents (9)
1. Superior gluteal a., v. n.
2. piriformis m.
3. inferior gluteal a., v., n.
4. sciatic n.
5. posterior femoral cutaneous n.
6. n. to obturator internus
7. internal pudendal a and v
8. pudendal n.
9. n. to quadratus femoris
Lesser sciatic foramen contents
1. obturator internus tendon
2. internal pudendal a. and v.
3. pudendal n.
4. n. to obterator internus
Gluteal Region Muscles (9)
-gluteus maximus
-gluteus medius
-gluteus minimus
-tensor fascia lata
-piriformis
-superior gemellus
-inferior gemellus
-obturator internus
-quadratus femoris
tensor fasciae latae origin and insertion
origin: ASIS
I: lateral condyle of tibia via IT band
TFL innervation
superior gluteal nerve
TFL actions (3)
1.abduction
2.IR
3.flexion of thigh
glute max origin and insertion
o: ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line, dorsal surface of sacrum and coccyx, sacrotuberous lig.
I: ITB and gluteal tuberosity of femur
glute max actions (3)
1. extension
2. ER
3. rising from sitting position
Glute Max Innervation
inferior gluteal n.
gluteus medius origin and insertion
O: Lateral surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
I: Greater trochanter of femur
gluteus medius actions (3)
1. abduction
2. IR
3. keeps pelvis level when opp. leg raised
gluteus medius innervation
superior gluteal nerve
gluteus minimus origin and insertion
Origin: external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
Insertion: greater trochanter of femur
gluteus minimus actions (2)
1. abduction
2. internal rotation
gluteus minimus innervation
superior gluteal nerve
Piriformis origin and insertion
Origin: Anterior surface of sacrum
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
piriformis innervation
nerve to piriformis
piriformis actions (2)
1. ER of extended thigh
2. Abduction of flexed thigh
superior gemellus origin and insertion
origin: ischial spine
insertion: trochanteric fossa
superior gemellus innervation
N. to obturator internus
superior gemellus action
ER
obterator internus origin and insertion
origin: pelvic surface of obturator membrane
insertion: trochanteric fossa of femur
Obterator internus innervation
nerve to obterator internus
Obterator Internus Action
ER
inferior gemellus origin and insertion
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: trochanteric fossa
inferior gemellus innervation
nerve to quadratus femoris
inferior gemellus action
ER
Quadratus femoris origin and insertion
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Intertrochanteric crest
Quadratus femoris innervation
N. to quadratus femoris
quadratus femoris action
ER of thigh
Muscles of Posterior thigh (4)
1. Semitendinosus
2. Semimembranosus
3. Biceps femoris (long and short head)
4. adductor magnus m.
hamstring group (3)
biceps femoris (long head), semitendinosus, semimembranosus
imposter hamstrings (2)
1. adductor magnus
2. biceps femoris (short)
to be considered a hamstring (3)
1. must cross two joints
2. innervated by tibial n.
3. originate from the ischial tuberosity
Semimembranosus origin and insertion
O: ischial tuberosity
I: medial tibial condyle
semimembranosus innervation
tibial nerve
semimembransous actions (2)
1. thigh extension
2. leg flexion
semimembranosus attachments (2)
1. oblique popliteal lig
2. medial mensiscus
semitendinosus origin and insertion
O: ischial tuberosity,
I: medial surface of superior tibia
semitendinosus innervation
tibial n.
semitendinosus action (2)
1.extension of thigh
2. flexion of leg
Biceps femoris long head origin and insertion
Origin: ischial tuberosity
Insertion: lateral side of fibula; head of fibula
biceps femoris innervation
tibial nerve
biceps femoris action
extension of thigh
flexion of leg
ER of tibia when knee flexed
adductor magnus origin and insertion
origin: ischial tuberosity
insertion: adductor tubercle of the femur
adductor magnus innervation
tibial n.
adductor magnus
extends thigh
biceps femoris short head
O: lateral lip of linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur
I: conjoined tendon with long head (lateral side of fibula)
biceps femoris short head innervation
common fibular n.
biceps femoris short head actions
flexes leg
ER leg
Posterior thigh neurovasculature structures nerves (2)
1. posterior femoral cutaneous n.
2. sciatic n. (common fib, tibial)
posterior thigh arteries (2)
1. perforating branches of profunda femoris a.
2. emerging popliteal a.
femoral triangle borders (3)
1. superior: inguinal ligament
2. medial: adductor longus
3. lateral: sartorius
floor of femoral triangle (2)
1. iliopsoas common tendon
2. pectineus m.
femoral triangle contents
NAVLL
1. femoral nerve
2. femoral artery
3. femoral vein
4. femoral ligament
5. lateral femoral cutaneous n.
femoral sheath encloses proximal parts of the femoral vessels but NOT
the nerve
femoral branch of genitofemoral nerve is
within the femoral sheath
Anterior muscles Hip flexors (7)
1. pectineus
2. iliacus
3. psoas major
4. TFL
5. rectus femoris
6. sartorius
7. articularis genu
quadriceps femoris group (4)
rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, vastus intermedius
pectineus origin and insertion
Origin: superior ramus of pubis
Insertion: pectineal line of femur
pectineus innervation
femoral n.
pectineus actions (3)
1. adduction
2. hip flexion
3. assists with ER
iliacus origin and insertion
origin: iliac crest, iliac fossa, ala of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac lig
insertion: lesser trochanter
iliacus innervation
femoral nerve
iliacus actions (2)
1. flexion thigh at hip
2. stabilize hip joint
Psoas major origin and insertion
O: bodies and transverse processes of lumbar vertebrae
I: lesser trochanter
psoas major innervation
ventral rami of L1-3
psoas major actions
1. flexion of thigh at hip
2. stabilize hip joint
Psoas minor origin and insertion
O: sides of T12 and L1 and intervertebral disc
I: pectin pubis
Psoas Minor Innervation
ventral rami of L1
psoas minor action
flexion of trunk (maybe)
Longest muscle in the body
Sartorius
Sartorius origin and insertion
origin: anterior superior iliac spine
insertion: medial surface of tibia
Sartorius innervation
femoral nerve
sartorius muscle action (3)
1. flexion
2. abduction
3. ER of thigh
rectus femoris origin and insertion
o: AIIS, ilium, superior to acetabulum
I: base of patella and tibial tuberosity
rectus femoris innervation
femoral n.
rectus femoris action
extension of the leg at knee joint
helps with thigh flexion
vastus lateralis origin and insertion
O: Greater trochanter, linea apsera
I: tibial tuberosity and patella
vastus lateralis innervation
femoral n.
vastus lateralis action
Extension of leg at knee joint
vastus intermedius origin and insertion
O: anterior and lateral surface of femur, I: tibial tuberosity and patella
vastus intermedius innervation
femoral n.
vastus intermedius action
extension of leg at knee joint
vastus medialis origin and insertion
O: intertrochanteric line and medial lip of linea aspera of femur
I: base of patella and tibial tuberosity
vastus medialis innervation
femoral nerve
vastus medialis action
extension of leg at knee joint
vastus medialis helps counteract
the lateral force vector from the rectus femoris
Articularis genu origin and insertion
o: anterior aspect of inferior femoral shaft
I:synovial membrane and suprapatellar bursa
articularis genu innervation
femoral n.
articularis genu action
pulls synovial membrane out of the way during extension
Medial thigh muscles (5)
Adductor longus
Adductor brevis
Adductor magnus
Gracilis
Obturator externus
adductor longus origin and insertion
origin: body of pubis
I: middle 1/3 of linea aspera
adductor longus innervation
anterior branch of obturator n.
adductor longus action
adducts thigh
adductor brevis origin and insertion
O: Body and inferior ramus of pubis
I: Pectineal line; proximal part of linea aspera of femur
adductor brevis innervation
anterior branch of obterator n.
adductor brevis action
adducts thigh, hip flexion
adductor magnus origin and insertion (ADDUCTOR)
O: inferior ramus of pubis, ramus of ischium
i: gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
adductor magnus innervation (ADDUCTOR)
posterior branch of obturator n
adductor magnus action ADDUCTOR
adducts and flexes thigh
adductor magnus origin and insertion (HAMSTRING)
o: ischial tuberosity
I: adductor tubercle of femur
adductor magnus innervation (HAMSTRING)
tibial n.
adductor magnus action (HAMSTRING)
extends thigh
gracilis origin and insertion
O: body of pubis, I: medial tibia
gracilis innervation
anterior branch of obterator n.
gracilis action
adducts thigh, flexes and medially rotates leg
obterator externus origin and insertion
origin: margins of obturator foramen and membrane
i: trochanteric fossa of femur
Obterator Externus Innervation
obterator n.
obterator externus action
ER of thigh
adductor canal borders (3)
1. anterior and lateral: vastus medialis
2. posteriorly: adductor longus and adductor magnus
3. medially: sartorius (roof)
adductor canal provides passage for (3)
femoral a.
femoral v.
saphenous n.
Nerves in Adductor Canal (3)
1. lateral femoral cutaneous n.
2. femoral n.
-saphenous n.
3. obturator n.
- anterior/posterior branch
obterator nerve splits around _____ muscle
adductor brevis
anterior branch of obterator nerve innervation (3)
1. adductor longus
2. adductor brevis
3. gracilis
posterior branch of obterator nerve innervation
adductor magnus
both branches of obterator nerve innervate
obterator externus m.
common iliac branches into
internal iliac and external iliac
internal iliac artery branches
obterator a.
external iliac artery branch
femoral a.
Femoral artery branches into
profunda femoris a.
terminal branch of the abdominal aorta
common iliac artery
posterior division of the internal iliac a. passes towards _____ and gives rise to ______
greater sciatic foramen; superior gluteal a.
anterior division of the internal iliac a. (2)
1. inferior gluteal a.
2. obterator a.
femoral a. is a direct continuation of the ______ a.
external iliac
femoral artery supplies
anterior and anteromedial surfaces of thigh
profunda femoris a. supplies the
posterior lateral aspect of the anterior compartment
lateral circumflex femoral artery branches (3)
1. ascending branch
2. descending branch
3. transverse branch
ascending branch anastomoses with
medial circumflex a.
transverse a. joins the anastomosis with
medial circumflex femoral a.
descending a. joins anastomosis at the
knee
medial circumflex femoral artery supplies
head and neck of femur
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