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force notes

Key Concepts:

Terms in this set (20)

kinematics
the study of motion tells how objects move. describes motion
dynamics
the study of forces that cause motion. tells why objects move.
force
- a push or pull exerted on an object
- has the ability to act through distance
- vector
- symbol: F
- unit: Newton (N)
- 1 N = 1 kg m/s²
contact forces
forces that result when 2 interacting objects are perceived to be physically touching each other
ex: frictional force, normal force, applied force
field forces
forces that result even when the 2 interacting objects are not in physical contact with each other, yet are able to exert a push or pull despite their physical separation
ex: gravitational force, magnetic force, electrical force
4 known forces
1) nuclear force
2) electromagnetic force
3) weak interactive force
4) gravitational force
nuclear force
- strongest
- acts through smallest distance
- holds the nucleus of an atom together
electromagnetic force
- most noticeable force
- holds matter together
- also referred to as mechanical or frictional forces
weak interactive force
- force inside a nucleus that causes some atoms to break apart
- responsible for radioactive decay
gravitational force
- force of attraction that exists between all masses
- weakest force
- acts through the longest distance
sir issac newton
scientist. formulated 3 laws of motion.
newton's first law of motion
- an object continues in uniform straight line motion or remains at rest unless acted upon by a net outside force
- also called the law of inertia
inertia
the tendency of an object to resist change
newton's second law of motion
- when a net force acts on an object acceleration occurs
- acceleration is in the direction of the net force
- represented by the formula F=ma (where F= net force)
newton's third law of motion
- every force has an equal but opposite force
- also referred to as the law of action and reaction
- main point = forces occur in pairs
- normal force =
- support force exerted on an object that is in contact with a stable object (a surface)
- if the object is not moving vertically, normal force is equal to the object's weight
net force
- represented by "F" in the equation F = ma
- the sum of all forces acting on an object
for vertical forces
Fnet = FN + Fg
- where weight is negative
for horizontal forces
Fnet = Fa + Ff
- where friction is negative
mass
- the amount of matter found in an object
- does not depend on location
- inertial mass= ratio of net force exerted on an object and its acceleration
weight
- the gravitational force exerted on an object by a large mass
- depends on gravitational force
- may change according to location
- w = mg
- unit: kg
- force needed to lift an object
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