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force notes

Terms in this set (20)

kinematics
the study of motion tells how objects move. describes motion
dynamics
the study of forces that cause motion. tells why objects move.
force
- a push or pull exerted on an object
- has the ability to act through distance
- vector
- symbol: F
- unit: Newton (N)
- 1 N = 1 kg m/s²
contact forces
forces that result when 2 interacting objects are perceived to be physically touching each other
ex: frictional force, normal force, applied force
field forces
forces that result even when the 2 interacting objects are not in physical contact with each other, yet are able to exert a push or pull despite their physical separation
ex: gravitational force, magnetic force, electrical force
4 known forces
1) nuclear force
2) electromagnetic force
3) weak interactive force
4) gravitational force
nuclear force
- strongest
- acts through smallest distance
- holds the nucleus of an atom together
electromagnetic force
- most noticeable force
- holds matter together
- also referred to as mechanical or frictional forces
weak interactive force
- force inside a nucleus that causes some atoms to break apart
- responsible for radioactive decay
gravitational force
- force of attraction that exists between all masses
- weakest force
- acts through the longest distance
sir issac newton
scientist. formulated 3 laws of motion.
newton's first law of motion
- an object continues in uniform straight line motion or remains at rest unless acted upon by a net outside force
- also called the law of inertia
inertia
the tendency of an object to resist change
newton's second law of motion
- when a net force acts on an object acceleration occurs
- acceleration is in the direction of the net force
- represented by the formula F=ma (where F= net force)
newton's third law of motion
- every force has an equal but opposite force
- also referred to as the law of action and reaction
- main point = forces occur in pairs
- normal force =
- support force exerted on an object that is in contact with a stable object (a surface)
- if the object is not moving vertically, normal force is equal to the object's weight
net force
- represented by "F" in the equation F = ma
- the sum of all forces acting on an object
for vertical forces
Fnet = FN + Fg
- where weight is negative
for horizontal forces
Fnet = Fa + Ff
- where friction is negative
mass
- the amount of matter found in an object
- does not depend on location
- inertial mass= ratio of net force exerted on an object and its acceleration
weight
- the gravitational force exerted on an object by a large mass
- depends on gravitational force
- may change according to location
- w = mg
- unit: kg
- force needed to lift an object
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