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Urinary System

Terms in this set (38)

Kidneys, Ureters, Urinary Bladder, and Urethra
What are the organs of the urinary system?
Kidneys
Perform the excretory functions of the urinary system.

-Produces Urine.
Ureters
Receive the urine from the kidneys and conduct it to the urinary bladder
Urinary Bladder
Receives and stores urine prior to its elimination from the body
Urination
Driven by contraction of smooth muscle layers in the walls of the urinary bladder
Urethra
Passageway that conducts urine from the urinary bladder to the exterior
1) Kidney
2) Ureters
3) Urinary Bladder
4) Urethra
Identify the structures at every number
Urine Production
Functions to maintain homeostasis by regulating
the volume and composition of blood, which includes the excretion of metabolic waste products.
Kidneys
Lie behind the parietal peritoneum that
lines the abdominal cavity
Kidneys
They are considered to be in
a RETROPERITONEAL position.

-Found between T12 and L3 vertebral levels
Fibrous Capsule
Covers the outer surface of the kidney and lines the renal sinus
Renal Sinus
Internal cavity within the kidney
Renal Cortex
Superficial portion of the kidney, in contact with the fibrous capsule

-Is reddish brown and granular
Renal Medulla
Extends from the renal cortex to the renal sinus
Renal Pyramid
Conical structure extending from the cortex to a tip called the renal papilla
Renal Papilla
The tip of the renal pyramid
Renal Column
Band of granular tissue that separates adjacent pyramids
Kidney Lobe
Consists of a renal pyramid, the overlying area of renal cortex, and adjacent tissues of the renal columns.

-Each kidney contains 6-18 of these
-Where urine production occurs
Minor Calyx
Collect urine produced by a single kidney lobe
Major Calyx
Formed by the fusion of 3-4 minor calyces
1) Renal Sinus
2) Fibrous Capsule
3) Renal Cortex
4) Renal Medulla
5) Renal Pyramid
6) Renal Column
7) Kidney Lobe
8) Ureter
9) Major Calyx
10) Minor Calyx
11) Renal Papilla
Identify structure at every number
Nephron
The functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtration of blood and carrying the filtrate through its tubular structure and the collecting system of the kidney to ultimately leave the kidney as urine.
Highly vascularized
Each kidney is __________________ with a very
complex circulation provided to the renal
cortex where the relationship between
complex capillary networks and the tubular
structure of the nephron facilitates filtration
and formation of urine
Glomerulus
*Capillary network through which filtration occurs*
1) Proximal Tubule
Initial segment of the renal tubule
responsible for the major
reabsorption of water, glucose,
amino acids, vitamins and ions from
the filtrate
2) Loop of Henle with Capillary Network
Middle segment of the renal tubule
responsible for reabsorption of
water and ions
3) Distal Tubule
Last segment of the renal tubule
responsible for a small amount of
reabsorption of water and ions
Collecting Duct
Receives the urine from the individual nephrons and performs final adjustments in urine volume and composition before delivering it into a minor calyx
Bowman's Capsule
Cup-shaped chamber into which filtrate flows
Renal Artery
Comes from the abdominal aorta
Renal Vein
Goes to the inferior vena cava
Ureter
Goes to the urinary bladder
kidneys; ureters
The _________ and ________ are retroperitoneal in their
positions.
Common iliac
Each ureter crosses the ______________ artery and vein as it enters the pelvis.
Ureters
Fills the urinary bladder
Urethra
Drains the urinary bladder
Trigone
The funnel end of the bladder
In males the urethra is longer and runs through the prostate gland
What is the difference between the urinary bladder in males vs females?
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