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Microbiology Final

Terms in this set (45)

aquifex
oldest organism

share 16% of genome with archaea

thermophilic
Thermotoga. DNA%. Proteins?
sheathed toga
share 24% of DNA with Archaea
protein structures fold into certain amount of functional forms
thermodesulfobacterium. e- donor and e-acceptor
reducing bacteria
electron donors: lactate, ethanol
Electron acceptor: SO42-
Deinococcus

Deinococcaceae and
Thermus aquaticus
most radiant resistant bacterium
thick peptidoglycan
DNA repair

source of enzyme taq for DNA polymerase
found in hot springs
photosynthetic bacterium
cyanobacterium
green sulfur, green non-sulfur, purple non-sulfur, purple sulfur
cyanobacterium are the only _____________ photosynthetic bacterium
oxygenic
Green sulfur bacterium

chlorobium
e- donors?
vesicle?

chloroflexus
e-donors?
can be _____ and ______
electron donor H2S, S, H2
chlorosome vesicles

use org and in-org e- donors
model for origins of photosynthesis
photosynthetic or nonphotosynthetic
cyanobacteria
heterocyst?

prochlorococcus
chlorophyll a, use heterocyst for nitrogen fixing

most abundant on earth live in ocean
Planctomycetes
why are they unusual?
they can oxidize?
anaerobic
can oxidize ammonia
lack peptidoglycan
membrane bound nuclei
sine carry anamoxisomes that convert NH4+ into NO2 into N2
spirochetes
motility

borellium
chromosome?
endoflagella: flagella under periplasm

lyme disease
spread by insects
linear chromosome
proteobacteria
argest and most physiologically diverse group of Bacteria
Gram negative
Contains all nutritional types
alpha, beta, gamma, zeta, delta
alpha-proteo

1.rhodopsoseudomonas

2. wolbochia

3. rhizobium

4. caulbactor

5. a methylothroph vs. b methanotroph
intracellular pathogens

1. HUGE RANGE
can be photpheterotrophs, photoautotrophs, pr chemo-organotrophs (ox. phos. or fermentive)

2. when it infects mosquitos they can not spread zika or dengue fever

3. legume symbionts
1/5 of N-inputs in global agriculture

4. attaches to surface with non-toxic-superglue!

5. a. grows on one carbon compounds (ie-methanol)
b. grows on methane
Enter dooderoff
only used in
produces 1 ATP and 1 NADH
only used in eukaryotes
What does it produce
Gamma-proteo
purple sulfur bacteria
vibrionales
other pathogens
anaerobic, e- donor is H2S, chromatium

vibrio-cholera, cholera toxin

ecoli, salmonella, shigella, yersina
how did cholera toxin form?
what is vibrio-fisheri and vibrio parableloyticus
cell infection with TCP phage and then somthing went wrong and it was infected again with CTX phage

vibrio-fisheri: bioilluminesence
vibrio parableoyticus: gastroenteritis, in sea food
Delta-proteo
Bbellovibrio,
mcyobacteria
bacterial predators

move quickly into cell and then lyse it when they reproduce

swarming bacteria that create fruiting body
zeta-proteo
live in vents
not much known about them
name two green sulfur bacterium and explain them.
what are there e-donors, do they have vesicles? are they photsynthetic
chorobium and chlorflex
name two delta protea bacteria
bbellovibrio and mycobacteria
name gamma-proteo/purple sulfur bacterium
vibrio, salmonela, eccoli, shigella, Yersina pestis
name two beta-proteo bacterium
meningitis and Bordetella purtusis
name two deinococcus bacterium
deinoccae and thermos aquticus
which bacterium can do nitrogen fixation
N fixation requires a lot of _______________
cyanobacteria and rhizobium
energy
citric acid cycle is fed by what compound and makes bulk of what in cells
pyruvate
citric acid cycle makes NADH via
oxidation
what compound is made in citric acid cycle that is necessary for nucleic acids and amino acids?
Alphakida-glutarate
what compound is produced during citric acid cycle that is needed for hemoglobin
suxinate, because it has an iron center
what reaction ads CO2 to pyruvate in the citric acid cycle
anapldrotic reaction
dooderoff pathway
splits 6 C molecule into two 3 C molecules (pyruvate)
Pentos phosphate pathway
why is it so important
what nutritional type uses it? and why?
it is very flexible and compound can be used to make many other compounds
good for autotrophs because it attached to O2
the photosystem of purple sulfur bacteria is similar to photosystem ____
thus e- is ___________ to create NADH
can make __________
requires what process
e- donors are
II
not excited enough
ATP only
REF
H2S and succinate
photosystem of green sulfur are similar to photosystem
thus e- is ___________ to create NADH
can make __________
requires what process
e- donors are
generation time? ?
I
ATP and NADH
ETC
H2S,S, H
three years!!!
what is the Calvin cycle
involves fixing CO2 via rubisco and produces sugar
Carl Woes
3 domains
Emden Meyerhoffpathway
produces one pyruvate and 4 ATP and 2 NAD(P)H
Enter dooderoff
only used in
produces 1 ATP and 1 NADH
only used in eukaryotes
growth rate
divisions/day
order of pathways
glycolysis --> (fermentation maybe) ---> TCA---> ETC
product of acetaldehyde fermentation
ethanol
which cycle is the purpose to produce NADPH?
Pentose Phosphat cylce
coenzyme A is used in
TCA cycle
Calvin cycle requires what e-carrier(s) to function?
ATP only
Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide are examples of
reactive oxygen species
You choose to use oil immersion microscopy to look more closely at your bacterial slide preparation because you remember that oil will reduce__#51___thereby increasing ____#52____.
reflection and refraction

resolution
How much ATP and NADH is made in citric cycle and ETC and how much is needed for Carbon fixaTION
2 NADH AND 2 ATP
1 ATP
2 NAPH AND 3 ATP
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