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NUTR final exam

Terms in this set (40)

1. What is the difference between subcutaneous fat and visceral fat?
• Subcutaneous fat is found under the skin
• Visceral fat is found in the abdominal area, closer to the organs
Some visceral fat is necessary for insulation, although too much can lead to increased risk of heart disease
2. Are males or females a highest risk of having visceral fat?
Males
• What does high visceral fat increase the risk of?
Heart disease
3. Explain what happens to fat cells during continued weight gain.
Fat cells enlarge during continued weight gain. Once they have enlarged to their capacity, the fat cells then replicate and multiple in number. Once those new fat cells have achieved their max fill, the also then multiply. "enlarge multiply enlarge multiply. When weight loss occurs fat cells decrease in size but not in number.
4. LPL is a gender specific hormone. What is its primary role?
• Linked to estrogen
• Helps mobilize fat in the hip area (childbearing)
Ghrelin function, where is it made, what triggers the release
hormone that signals hunger,
Hypothalamus and stomach, Blood glucose decreasing and empty stomach
Leptin function, where is it made, what triggers the release
hormone that signals feelings of satiety, Hypothalamus, Stretching of the stomach
7. What happens if you are deficient in leptin?
A person who is deficient in leptin will more not feel full or satisfied. This individual is more likely to overeat
8. What impacts obesity and weight gain?
• Lifestyle choices
Physical activity
Quality of food
Quantity of food
• Genetics
• Feast and famine
• Set point theory
9. Which body fat measurement is most accurate?
underwater weighing
13. Which tool is most accurate when assessing appropriate body weight?
No single method is accurate. All measurements need to be used together to get the best assessment of an individual's health and weight status (more cells for fat storage)
15. For weight loss: what are appropriate and effective methods of weight loss?
• Decreasing total calories BY REDUCING PORTION SIZES and not strictly calorie restrictions.
• Eating more foods such as lean proteins, fruits, vegetables, whole grains
• Avoiding processed foods
• Avoiding "quick fixes"
19. What is the difference between over-fat, over-weight and body fat?
• Over-fat means that the individual has more body fat compared to lean tissue
• Over-weight means that the individual's weight to height is above standards
20. What is the set point theory?
The set point theory states that everyone has a physiological weight which the body prefers. Therefore, individuals tend to maintain certain body weight by means of internal controls
Are popular diets successful or sustainable?
No
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