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Pharmacology - Unit 1

Terms in this set (17)

Pharmacology
the study of how drugs behave in the body
clinical pharmacology
apply pharmacology to specific treatments
Three things techs should understand behind meds
- how drugs change physiology
- how the drug's beneficial effect alters the patient's clinical signs
- how adverse drugs reactions will appear in patients
The 4 rules for safe drug usage
1) All Drugs are Poisons
2) No Drug is a Silver Bullet
3) All Doses Are Guesses
4) Complacency kills
chemical name
describes the chemical composition or molecular structure of a drug (used by chemists and pharmacologists)
non-proprietary name
also called the generic name; a more concise name given to the specific chemical compound; (examples: aspirin, acetominophen, and amoxicillin); also listed as the active ingredient on drug labels
proprietary name/trade name/brand name
unique name a manufacturer gives its particular brand of a drug; trade names are proper nouns so their first letter is capitalized like other proper nouns (examples: Tylenol, Valium)
When a drug company develops a new drug that company has the exclusive rights to manufacture this drug for up to _____ years - no other drug manufacturer can produce the same drug
up to 20 years (from when the patent of the drug was approved)
Drugs produced or marketed by companies other than the original "brand" developer are called _____ _____ drugs
generic equivalent; [usually sold at a much lower price than the original manufacturer's product because the generic drug producer did not have to underwrite the original drug development, testing, and marketing costs of the parent or brand drug]
_______ is a therapeutic agent composed of specially prepared plant or animal parts rather than synthesized chemicals in a laboratory
(An) extract
____ _____ do not require a prescription and can be obtained by anyone without a doctor's order
over-the-counter (OTC) drugs
_____ _____ are limited to dispensing by or upon the order of a licensed prescriber (veterinarian or physician)
legend drugs; (a VCPR is required to be written for the patient)
____ _____ is designed to protect the active ingredient from the harsh acidic environment of the stomach by not dissolving until the tablet reaches the more alkaline environment of the small intestine
enteric coating
____ _____ _____ slow the rate at which the tablet dissolves as the tablet moves along the intestinal tract resulting in a more gradual and sustained release of the active ingredient
controlled-release/sustained-release coatings
_____ _____, also called "chewable tablets," consist of the active ingredient drug in powdered form mixed with lactose, sucrose, or dextrose and a flavoring agent to encourage the patient to chew the soft tablet
molded tablets
___ ____ or ____ are powdered drug surrounded by a capsule made of gelatin, modified starch, or cellulose
gel caps or capsules
____ or ____ is drug incorporated into a hard, candy-like tablet typically found in human cough drops-- veterinary patients never hold these dosage forms in their mouth so they are not used in veterinary medicine!
lozenges or troche
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