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USD FILM APPRECIATION FINAL EXAM

Terms in this set (79)

What aspect of a star did studios most want to enhance in order to contribute to the overall experience of the movie?
screen image
Early screen-acting is characterized by ---------- gestures, and ---------------.
exagerated; mouthed words
What are personality actors?
actors who project a similar persona from role to role
The Stanislavsky system or method acting ecourages actors to strive for?
realism
In what situation must actors focus on the communicative power of slight facial gestures while ignoring the expressive potential of their bodies?
when being filmed in a close-up
What does it mean if actors are typecast?
the actors get cast in certain types of roles based on their looks
The alienation effect seeks to ------- the artiificiality of the performance and ---------- the audience's identification with the characters.
draw attention to; limit
Which figure is associated with a nonnaturalistic performance?
Bertolt Brecht
T or F: Improvised Acting allows directors to play a less active role when working with actors
False
Which individual is capable of molding a performance with the greatest degree of control?
the editor
T or F: film sound is capable of expressing character point of view?
true
What are the four basic perpetual characteristic of sound?
pitch; loudness; quality; fidelity
The degree of motion of the air within a sound wave that determines sound's loudness is called?
amplitude
T or F: Foley sounds are sounds that are created and recorded "wild" or in the field and then edited into the film.
false (created and recorded in sync with the picture)
Which individual is responsible for recording and supervising sound on the set of a film?
sound mixer
T or F: External sound comes from a source within the world of the story and can be heard by the characters in that world.
true
What are the four phases of sound production?
design; recording; editing; mixing
What is looping?
the rerecording of sound first recorded on set
T or F: One of the key assumptions on which contemporary sound design is based on the assumption that sound no longer needs to be integral to all three phases of film production (preproduction, production, and film production).
false (sound should be intergral to all three phases)
What are ambient sounds?
sounds that come from the setting or environment being filmed
The costs of the preproduction stage, the producer, director, cast, and screenwriter are called------------ costs, while the costs of production, postproduction, and the crew are called -------costs.
below-the-line; above-the-line
What is one factor that led to the decline of the studio system?
the reorganization of managment into the producer-unit system (paved the way for independent producers)
The independent system of productiton durring the 1930s and 1940s was called the -------- and was run by a producer who --------------.
package-unit system; was unaffiliated with a studio
The motion picture associaton of america administers ?
a voluntary movie rating system
T or F: Editing, scoring, and sound design are all part of the production phase of a film?
false ( they are part of postproduction)
Durring the Golden Age of Hollywood the five major studios were -------?
Vertically Intergrated
T or F:In the shooting stage, a film strip is exposed to light , allowing radiant energy to burn a negative image onto each frame.
true
What are the picture elements that make up a video image called?
pixels
Which aspect of movies has become virtually 100 percent digital?
editing
What is the film-stock speed?
the degree to which the film-stock is light sensitive
In order to provide the illusion of movement, at what speed (frames pers second) is a sound film usually projected?
24 fps
T or F: In today's independent system producers can create responsibilities for themselves that match their strengths and experiences.
true
T or F: The digital image is just a series of numbers reconstructed into an image that have no physical relationship to the original.
true
During the classical Hollywood era, an actor's standard seven-year contract, reviewed every six months: if the actor had made progress in being assigned roles and demonstrating box-office appeal, the studio picked up the option to employ that actor for the next six months and gave the actor a raise; if not, the studio dropped the option and the actor was out of a job
option contract
Also known as simply the Method. A naturalistic acting style, loosely adapted from the ideas of Russian director Konstantin Stanislavsky by American directors Elia Kazan and Lee Strasberg, that encourages actors to speak, move, and gesture not in a traditional stage manner, but in the same way they would in their own lives. An ideal technique for representing convincing human behavior, Method acting is used more frequently on the stage than on the screen.
method acting
The process of choosing and hiring actors for a movie.
casting
A filming undertaken by an actor to audition for a particular role.
screen test
An actor's part that represents a distinctive character type (sometimes a stereotype): society leader, judge, doctor, diplomat, and so on.
character role
An actor who holds a small speaking part.
bit player
An actor who, usually, appears in a nonspeaking or crowd role and receives no screen credit.
extra
A small but significant role often played by a famous actor.
cameo
A role even smaller than a cameo, reserved for a highly recognizable actor or personality.
walk-on
Also known as distancing effect. A psychological distance between audience and stage for which, according to German playwright Bertolt Brecht, every aspect of a theatrical production should strive by limiting the audience's identification with characters and events.
distancing effect or alienation effect
The group that generates and controls a movie's sound physically, manipulating its properties to produce the effects that the director desires.
sound crew
A state-of-the-art concept, pioneered by director Francis Ford Coppola and film editor Walter Murch, combining the crafts of editing and mixing and, like them, involving both theoretical and practical issues.
sound design
A separate recording tape occupied by one specific type of sound recorded for a movie (one track for vocals, one for sound effects, one for music, etc.).
sound track
A means of storing recorded sound, made possible by computer technology, in which each sound wave is represented by combinations of the numbers 0 and 1.
digital format
A polelike mechanical device for holding the microphone in the air, out of camera range, that can be moved in almost any direction.
boom
The standard technique of recording film sound on a medium separate from the picture; this technique allows both for maximum quality control of the medium and for the many aspects of manipulating sound during postproduction editing, mixing, and synchronization.
double-system recording
Also known as rushes. Usually, synchronized picture/sound work prints of a day's shooting that can be studied by the director, editor, and other crew members before the next day's shooting begins.
dailies
Material that is not used in either the rough cut or the final cut, but is cataloged and saved.
outtake
The replacing of dialogue, which can be done manually (that is, with the actors watching the footage, synchronizing their lips with it, and rereading the lines) or, more likely today, through computerized automatic dialogue replacement (ADR). (Dubbing also refers to the process of replacing dialogue in a foreign language with English, or the reverse, throughout a film.)
rerecording
The process of combining different sound tracks onto one composite sound track that is synchronous with the picture.
mixing
The wavelengths that make up a sound.
harmonic content
A form of diegetic sound that emanates from a source that we both see and hear.
on-screen sound
A form of sound, either diegetic or nondiegetic, that derives from a source we do not see.
off-screen sound
Sound that is diegetic and occurs onscreen.
simultaneous sound
Sound that has previously been established in the movie and replays for some narrative or expressive purpose.
nonsimultaneous sound
Sound that comes from a source apparent in the image but that is not precisely matched temporally with the actions occurring in that image.
asynchronous sound
A form of diegetic sound in which we hear the thoughts of a character we see onscreen and assume that other characters cannot hear them.
internal sound
One variation on the mental, subjective point of view of an individual character that allows us to see a character and hear that character's thoughts (in his or her own voice, even though the character's lips don't move).
interior monologue
A sound artificially created for the sound track that has a definite function in telling the story.
sound effect
The second stage of creating motion pictures in which a laboratory technician washes exposed film (which contains a negative image) with processing chemicals.
processing
The third stage of creating motion pictures, in which edited film is run through a projector, which shoots through the film a beam of light intense enough to project a large image on the movie-theater screen.
projecting
Also called gauge. The dimensions of a film stock and its perforations, and the size and shape of the image frame as seen on the screen.
format
The initial, planning-and-preparation stage of the production process.
preproduction
The second stage of the production process, the actual shooting.
production
The third stage of the production process, consisting of editing, preparing the final print, and bringing the film to the public (marketing and distribution).
post production
The person who guides the entire process of making the movie from its initial planning to its release and is chiefly responsible for the organizational and financial aspects of the production, from arranging the financing to deciding how the money is spent.
producer
The person who (a) determines and realizes on the screen an artistic vision of the screenplay; (b) casts the actors and directs their performances; (c) works closely with the production design in creating the look of the film, including the choice of locations; (d) oversees the work of the cinematographer and other key production personnel; and, (e) in most cases, supervises all postproduction activity, especially the editing.
director
Person responsible for supervising one or more producers, who in turn are responsible for individual movies.
executive producer
The person, usually involved from preproduction through postproduction, who is responsible for the day-to-day management of the production operation.
line producer
What is significant about the film; The Birth of a Nation?
first full length film
What is significant about the film: The Jazz Singer
first sound film
What are the three responsibilites of the editor?
spatial relationships, temporal relationships, and rhythm
What is a formal analysis?
an analytical approach concerned with means by which the subject is expressed
What is parallel editing?
technique that makes different lines of action appear to be occuring simultaneously
What do hybrid movies do?
show flexibility of film form by blurring boundaries of film categorization
What categorizes a gangster film?
the american dream and an antihero
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