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inequality exam

Terms in this set (16)

inequality
Globally, 62 of the richest individuals have as much wealth as the bottom half
of the world's population.
400 of the richest Americans have the
the flint crisis
The crisis in Flint viscerally illustrates the fact that disparities in wealth
equate to disparities in basic health, nutrition and cognitive functioning—all of
which undermine individuals' and communities' long-term productivity,
cohesion and happiness.
incarceration
the rate of
incarceration in the United States more than quadrupled in the past four
decades. (since 1970)

In
2012, close to 25 percent of the world's prisoners were held in American prisons,although the United States accounts for about 5 percent of the world's
population.
The U.S. rate of incarceration, with nearly 1 of every 100 adults in
prison or jail,
historically unprecedented and internationally unique.
More than half the prison population is black
or Hispanic.
mandatory prison sentinces for drug felonies
did mass incarceration stop crime
HIGHLY UNCERTAIN Yet over the four decades when
incarceration rates steadily rose, U.S. crime rates showed no clear trend: the rate
of violent crime rose, then fell, rose again, then declined sharply.
why high incarceration rates
Mandatory prison sentences, intensified enforcement of
drug laws, and long sentences
...
Intensified enforcement of drug laws subjected blacks,
more than whites, to new mandatory minimum sentences—despite lower levels
of drug use and no higher demonstrated levels of trafficking among the black
than the white population. Blacks had long been more likely than whites to be
arrested for violence. But three strikes, truth-in-sentencing, and related laws have
likely increased sentences and time served for blacks more than whites.
...
the number of Americans incarcerated
for drug offenses has skyrocketed from 40,900
in 1980 to 450,345 in 2016.
...
At the federal level, people incarcerated on a drug
conviction make up just under half the prison
population.
...
The number of women in prison
has been increasing at twice
the rate of growth for men since
1980.
...
Black men are six times as likely
to be incarcerated as white men and Hispanic
men are 2.7 times as likely.
...
violent crime has been
declining for the past 20 years and little public safety
benefit has been demonstrated to correlate with
increasingly lengthy sentences.
...
The lifer population
has nearly quintupled since 1984. One in nine people in
prison is now serving a life sentence and nearly a third
of lifers have been sentenced to life without parole.
...
a third of Hispanics identify as mixed race
the national housing act of 1934
this began the practice of redlining neighborhoods. the federal housing administration allowed the home Owners Loan Cooperation to create "residential security maps" high risk areas were marked on these maps, which were mostly minority areas and they were denied house loans from any banks
Relative Deprivation
- Movements emerge not because of the
absolute level of oppression or inequality, but because people aren't
getting what they think they deserve.
...
absolute level of oppression or inequality, but because people aren't
getting what they think they deserve.

Resource mobilization - Resources (especially strong organizations like
the NAACP and the "black church") are the key to movement building

Political process - Movements emerge when new opportunities for
protest arise, usually due to broader changes in social/political
circumstances.

Social networks - People tend to join social movements and other forms
of collective action when they have strong links to others who are
involved.

The "Freedom Rides" which
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