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Government Final Exam

Terms in this set (62)

A crisis or disaster that attracts widespread media attention to an issue is a _____.
Focusing Event
A simple study used to project the costs of proposed policy shows _____.
Cost Effectiveness
A more complex study of the projected costs and benefits associated with a proposed policy is a _____.
Cost-Benefit Analysis
A figurative description of the opportunity to pass a bill in Congress is known as a _____.
Policy Window
_____ refers to the tendency of policy makers to follow established routine in acting on a specific topic.
Path Dependence
The value of all the goods and services produced in a nation over a year is known as the _____.
Gross Domestic Product
The annually specified level of income below which people re considered to live in poverty is the _____.
Federal Poverty Line
_____ are government benefit programs whose recipients are entitled by law to receive payments.
Entitlement Programs
Taxing and spending policies carried out by government are referred to as _____.
Fiscal Policy
Actions of central banks are referred to as _____.
Monetary Policy
The _____ is the gap between revenues received by the national government and spending on all public programs.
Federal Budget Deficit
If no national budget is passed a Congress-approved act known as a _____ is necessary to extend spending at current levels for a prescribed period of time.
Continuing Resolution
The doctrine asserting that the United States should maintain an unrivaled military is known as _____.
Primacy
A doctrine holding that nation-states seek to amass power to ensure their self-preservation is known as _____.
Realism
A doctrine that views nation-states as benefiting most from mutual cooperation is known as _____.
Liberalism
A nation that exerts influence through culture and commerce is using _____.
Soft Power
When a nation imports more than it exports the nation is experiencing a _____.
Trade Deficit
Goods and services moving across international boundaries without government interference is representative of _____.
Free Trade
When a nation protects local business from foreign competition they are engaging in _____.
Protectionism
The international organization that oversees efforts to open markets and promote free trade is known as the _____.
World Trade Organization
The United States is seen as unique and marked by a distinct set of ideas according to the idea of _____.
American Exceptionalism
The _____ was passed by Congress in 1973 to increase congressional involvement in undeclared wars.
War Powers Act
_____ is the overarching vision that defines and guides a nation's foreign policy.
Grand Strategy
The doctrine that a nation should not interfere in other nations' affairs unless such involvement clearly advances its own interests is known as _____.
Strategic Disengagement
National interests served by actively engaging and working with other nations are an example of _____.
Internationalism
The United States should act independently of other nations in deciding what is best for itself is a characteristic of ____.
Unilateralism
Operating together with other nations to pursue common goals is emphasized by _____.
Multilateralism
An American Cold War strategy that was designed to stop the spread of communism was known as _____.
Containment
When three or more nations are organized around a common goal they have formed a _____.
Multilateral Organization
The first step in political action is _____.
Setting the agenda
Since the policy system typically emphasizes only a few priorities at any given time, those agendas are _____.
Fiercely Competitive
The way an issue is framed largely determines _____.
The remedies and level of government that will address the problem
In the _____ stage, a policy analyst begins to apply analytic techniques in an attempt to justify one policy choice as superior to all the others.
Policy Formation
_____ is a critical component of the formation stage in policymaking.
Calculating the costs and benefits of the proposed policy
A _____ is a figurative description of an opportunity-often brief, measured in days or weeks rather than years-to pass a bill in Congress or a state legislature.
Policy Window
The implementation of national policies is primarily handled by the _____.
Executive Bureaucracy
Street-level bureaucrats work directly with _____.
The Public
The policymaking process _____.
Never really ends
You must be _____ years of age to be eligible for Social Security benefits.
Sixty-Six
In 2016, Social Security paid some _____ to more than _____ workers.
$891 Billion; 65 Million
The largest single government program in America is _____.
Social Security
The federal _____ refers to the annually specified level of income (separately calculated for individuals and families) below which people are considered to live in poverty, becoming eligible for certain federal benefits.
Poverty Line
In 2016, the poverty line was set at _____ for a family of four.
$32,000
U.S. military strategy is based on the theory of _____: the United States can best protect its security by maintaining an unrivaled military force.
Primacy
The doctrine of _____ holds that nation-states seek to amass power to ensure their self-preservation.
Realism
The doctrine of _____ views nation-states as benefiting most from mutual cooperation, aided by international organizations.
Liberalism
In line with liberal foreign policy doctrines, _____ promotes the sharing of culture and political values that people find appealing.
Soft Power
A _____ deficit results when a country buys more products from other countries than it exports to them.
Trade
Subsidies and tax breaks are forms of _____.
Protectionism
_____ is the protection of local businesses from foreign competition.
Protectionism
_____ reduces trade barriers but also negotiates worker protections and environmental regulations into trade agreements.
Fair Trade
The United States consumes more than _____ of oil per day.
20 Million Barrels
American _____ refers to the United States being unique and marked by a distinct set of ideals such as equality, self-rule, and limited government.
Exceptionalism
_____ is the doctrine that a nation should not interfere in other nations' affairs unless such involvement clearly advances its own interests.
Strategic Disengagement
_____ is the belief that national interests are best served by actively engaging and working with others.
Internationalism
The Cold War pushed the United States build an army ready to deploy anywhere around the globe at a moment's notice, shifting its foreign policy perspective away from _____ to _____.
Isolationism; Internationalism
_____ is a doctrine that holds that the United States should act independently of other nations and should decide what is best for itself-not in coordination with partners and allies.
Unilateralism
The _____ is responsible for negotiating treaties, distributing foreign assistance, and managing daily contact with other nations.
State Department
The largest governmental organization and biggest employer in the United States is the _____.
Department of Defense
The principal agency responsible for foreign intelligence is the _____.
Central Intelligence Agency
The _____ is responsible for domestic intelligence, which often must be coordinated with information from abroad.
Federal Bureau of Investigation
The _____ is responsible for bringing together the most important foreign policy officers to advise the president on foreign affairs.
National Security Council
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