Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

Humanities 2

Terms in this set (461)

Which of these statements is the best description of philosophy?
A philosophy strives to comprehend the significance of life and the association between mankind and nature and the individual and society.
Which of these terms refers to the customs, values, social institutions, art, music, dance, language, and tradition of a society's culture?
Cultural traits
Which of these is not a natural science?
Economics
Which of these sciences could be classified as part of the humanities and social sciences?
Philosophy
What term is defined as the knowledge needed to make items that are part of material culture?
Technology
Which of these answers best describes the Renaissance?
A time when there was a rejection of the authority of the Catholic Church
Which of these is an institution of society?
religion
Which of these sciences is not a natural science?
Anthropology
Which subject could be included in both the humanities and social sciences?
history
What science would research the voting patterns in the 2004 presidential elections?
social science
Which of these might be studied in both the natural sciences and the social sciences?
A study of how global warming affects the hunting activities of the Inuit people in Canada
Where did the Renaissance movement begin?
Italy
Which of these answers is the best description of prose?
Ordinary written language without the use of meter or rhyme
Which of these answers is the best description of poetry?
A literary genre written in meter and verse
What term can be defined as any form of literature that belongs to a particular group of works?
genre
Which of these terms can be defined as the study of ancient languages and written texts?
Philology
Which language family is spoken mostly in the Pacific Ocean region?
Malayo-Polynesian
The Scandinavian languages belong to which branch of the Indo-European family of languages?
Germanic
What is descriptive linguistics?
The study of the language of a specific place or time period
Which of these statements is the most complete description of language?
Language is any information communicated in written, spoken, or symbolic form.
What is etymology?
the study of word origins
Which of these statements is false?
The study of language and philosophy began in the twentieth century.
What is a dialect?
A type of speech spoken by a specific group of people in a specific location, district, or region
Which of these is not a Romance language?
Russian
What is comparative linguistics?
The study of how a language changes over a long period of time
Which of these is not one of the Indo-European languages?
Uralic and Altaic
Which of these statements is true?
Grammatical structure refers to how words sound in a sentence.
The Russian language belongs to which branch of the Indo-European family of languages?
Slavic
What is the most widely spoken language family in the world today?
Indo-European
Which of these is causality most closely related to?
Determinism and free will
Which branch of philosophy aims to determine the nature, basis, and the extent of knowledge?
Epistemology
Philosophers from which civilization were the founders of Western philosophy?
Greek
What does empiricism promote as the most important source of knowledge?
Experience
Which metaphysical theory supports the idea that matter is a concept or framework of an idea?
Idealism
Which philosophical theory affirms that an idea is true if it works or solves a problem?
Pragmatism
Which theory maintains that the universe exists and appears for some reason and is an argument for the existence of God?
Teleology
What theory is exampled in this scenario?
A student is conducting a science experiment to identify the chemical properties of different metals.
Empiricism
Which area of metaphysics studies the physical universe, its arrangement, history, and the time ahead?
Cosmology
Which of these terms is a synonym for philosophy?
opinion
Which term is defined as the study of existence?
Ontology
What should philosophers study to help them understand how things can persist through time even though they appear to change?
Identity and change
Which philosophical theory maintains that knowledge is impossible to achieve and that truth is impossible for man to understand?
Skepticism
Which of these theories follows the belief that incidents in a person's life are not controlled by outside causes?
Nondeterminism
Which philosophy originated in China and India?
Eastern philosophy
Which of these is a mistake in reasoning that can lead to an invalid conclusion?
Fallacy
Which branch of philosophy is likely related to a person completing and sending his or her income taxes to the federal government by April 15?
ethics
To what does logic pertain?
The rules of correct reasoning
Choose the term that matches this scenario.
An anthropological study compared the marriage traditions of the Yanomami Indians living in the Amazon rainforest to the marriage laws of the United States.
Relativism
Which branch of philosophy is most closely related to the evaluation of a work of art?
Aesthetics
Which term implies the reasoning that if something is true in a few instances it is true in all instances?
Conjecture
To what do aesthetics pertain?
The formation and elements of art and beauty
To what do ethics pertain?
An individual's behavior, reputation, and standards of conduct
Which of these statements is false?
The premise of an argument is based on a valid conclusion.
Which branch of philosophy pertains to the study of the basic nature of reality and being and the essential parts of things?
Metaphysics
Which of these is aesthetics most closely related to?
Relativism
Which term implies that principles exist in the mind of an individual regarding what is right and wrong?
Subjectivism
The word "rational" is the best synonym for which branch of philosophy?
logic
Which branch of philosophy pertains to the rules of correct reasoning?
logic
Which of these terms implies the criticism that art is only successful if its content depicts a literal representation of an image?
Imitationalism
Who was the first to classify animals and plants?
Aristotle
Which of these statements is the best description of stoicism?
There is a divine intelligence that guides and governs the world bringing people to what is good.
Philosophy can be defined as the love of what?
Wisdom
Which of these statements is the best description of Socrates?
he asked questions and followed every answer with another question.
Which philosophy became a bridge that connected early Christian philosophy and Greek philosophy?
Neoplatonism
Which of these was a teacher of Alexander the Great?
Aristotle
Which of these statements is the best description of the cynic philosophy?
This school of philosophy focused on the pursuit of virtue rather than the pleasures of life.
Who was a pupil of Socrates?
Plato
Who was a leading Roman writer and philosopher?
Marcus Tullius Cicero
Which of these statements is the best description of Epicureanism?
This school of philosophy considered personal enjoyment more important than moral conduct.
Whose scientific work relied on observation, experiments, and inductive reasoning?
Aristotle
Who was the first pre-Socratic philosopher to use observation and reasoning in the study of the natural world?
thales
Greek culture was most dominant during which period?
Hellenistic Age
Who developed the theory of atomism and believed that all things consisted of particles called atoms?
Leucippus
Which philosophers traveled from place to place and were considered to be very wise?
Sophists
Which of these answers lists the historical periods in chronological order?
Greek Empire, Roman Empire, and the Medieval Period
Who is recognized as the creator of experimental science whose work was an important resource in the scientific revolution in Europe during the 1500s and 1600s?
Roger Bacon
Who proposed that the study of languages such as Hebrew, Greek, and Arabic would lead to a greater understanding of the Bible?
Roger Bacon
What was the official language of the Catholic Church in the medieval period?
Latin
Which of these theories bridged the gap between ancient and medieval philosophy?
Neoplatonism
What does the doctrine of the Immaculate Conception state?
Mary, the Mother of Jesus, was conceived without original sin.
Which century saw the greatest period of influence for scholasticism?
1200s
This theologian proposed that the mere idea that God existed was proof that God did indeed exist.
Saint Anselm
What was the basis for Aristotle's philosophy and theories?
reason
The beginning of the medieval period of philosophy coincides with which of these events?
Fall of Rome
Which of these statements is not an accurate description of the philosophy of Saint Thomas Aquinas?
There is a basic conflict between faith and reason.
Who was famous for his defense of the Catholic Church doctrine of the Immaculate Conception?
John Duns Scotus
Which of these statements is false?
Scholasticism was a philosophy that allowed for the discussion of the differences between ancient philosophy and theology.
Which Roman philosopher wrote a Latin translation of Aristotle's writings on logic?
Anicius Manlius Severinus Boethius
Who wrote The City of God which outlined the struggles of humans who believed in God and those who relied on themselves for survival?
Saint Augustine
What other term is used to indicate the medieval period?
Middle Ages
During what years did the Renaissance occur?
From 1300 to 1600
Who is known as the founder of modern political science?
Niccolo Machiavelli
What was a dominant force in Europe from the eleventh century to the fifteenth century?
Scholasticism
Which of these statements is true?
Humanists believed that society civilized people rather than made them wicked.
Who believed that people must give their consent to be governed?
Francisco Suarez
Followers of which movement brought the Greek and Roman classics out of the Church monasteries and made them available to the common people?
humanism
Which of these statements is false?
Humanism was a philosophy that allowed for discussion of differences between ancient philosophy and theology.
Which system was used in an attempt to address the differences between Christianity and other religions, thus promoting the ideal of religious tolerance?
Neoplatonism
Who was the creator of the philosophy of international law?
Francisco Suarez
Who wanted the Catholic Church to reform and address the needs of the people and be less concerned with ritual and ceremony?
Desiderius Erasmus
Who was considered to be a bridge between the scholastic thought of the medieval period and the Renaissance?
Francesco Petrarch
Which group found many of the classical manuscripts of ancient Greece and Rome in monasteries?
Humanists
Which philosopher believed that there did not have to be a conflict between the ancient classics and the Christian thought of his day and also discovered the lost works of the Latin writer Cicero?
Francesco Petrarch
Where did the Renaissance begin?
Italy
Which system allowed for the discussion of differences between ancient philosophy and theology?
Scholasticism
Which two men developed laws of motion?
Johannes Kepler and Sir Isaac Newton
What is epistemology?
Determining the nature, basis, and extent of knowledge and the connection between knowledge and belief
Which of these words is most closely associated with empiricism?
Observation
Which branch of philosophy pertains to the rules of correct reasoning to develop a valid conclusion?
Logic
Which part of science is Rene Descartes credited with developing?
Analytical geometry
Which of these people is not considered to be one of the founders of modern philosophy?
Denis Diderot
which German astronomer and mathematician developed three laws of planetary motion?
Johannes Kepler
Who did the Catholic Church accuse of promoting heresy when he supported the work of Nicolaus Copernicus?
Galileo Galilei
Who was an Irish philosopher and Anglican bishop who attempted to resolve the differences between science and religion?
George Berkeley
Which of these people was a philosophical supporter and preserver of the scientific revolution?
Sir Francis Bacon
Which French philosopher was a materialist who proposed that thoughts and ideas were created by the motion and changes in matter?
Denis Diderot
Who was a Dutch rationalist whose philosophy was based on determinism?
Baruch Spinoza
Who had a metaphysical view of the physical world and believed that all matter consisted of small units called monads?
Gottfried Leibniz
Which of these statements is false?
A deist believes that the existence of God can be proven through the concept that matter is a framework of an idea.
During which centuries did the Enlightenment occur?
Seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
Which two men worked independently of each other and created the mathematical branch called calculus?
Gottfried Leibniz and Sir Isaac Newton
Which of these people was a philosophe and editor of the Encyclopedie, a reference work of political and philosophical ideas?
Denis Diderot
Who expressed many of the ideas behind the Glorious Revolution in his book Two Treatises of Government?
John Locke
Who was considered to be the most famous of the philosophes?
Voltaire
Who proposed that the nature of humans could be improved and perfected and was the author of Sketch for A Historical Picture of the Progress of the Human Mind?
Marquis de Condorcet
Which of these is the best description of philosophes?
A group of eighteenth century French philosophers
Which of these is the best description of a despotic form of government?
One ruled by a dictator who has complete authority
Whose political views were a source for the writing of the Declaration of Independence?
John Locke
What is natural law based on?
Natural law is based on the idea that there is order in the physical world that was created by nature or God
Which of these people is not one of the empiricist philosophers?
Edmund Burke
Who wrote over fifty plays and was considered by some to be the leading French playwright of his day?
Voltaire
Who stated in his Leviathan that citizens must submit to a powerful absolute monarch to prevent anarchy?
Thomas Hobbes
Which of these statements is false?
Natural law was the basis for the Magna Carta.
In what type of government do the people have the authority to govern?
Democracy
Who was one of the main authors of the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Which of these is the best description of a monarchal form of government?
Restricted power entrusted to a king or queen
Which of these is the best description of an aristocracy?
A form of government where only a small privileged class has authority
Which of these statements best describes the Magna Carta?
It was signed in 1215 and declared that the king would have to obey the law like any other person.
Who was the king of France at the beginning of the French Revolution?
Louis XVI
Who was the first Stuart king of England?
James I
What is the name of the elected body in England whose members were nobles and commoners during the Enlightenment?
Parliament
Which philosopher fought with Cromwell during the English Civil War?
john locke
When was the Magna Carta signed?
1215
Who was imprisoned twice and later exiled from Paris?
Francois Marie Arouet Voltaire
Which of these terms is a synonym for a king or queen?
monarch
Which of these statements is true?
Oliver Cromwell was the Puritan leader who defeated the royal forces during the English Civil War
Which of these weakened the power and influence of the Catholic church?
Protestant Reformation
Which of these originally restricted the power of King John and created a limited monarchy?
Magna Carta
Who believed that political equality should be for all citizens?
John Locke
Which of these statements best describes the "Petition of Right"?
This document written in 1628 limited the power of the king to collect forced loans or levy taxes with the consent of Parliament.
Which of these statements is true?
The first sixty years of the Enlightenment was a period of great upheaval and change.
Who was the wife of Charles I?
Henrietta Maria
Which country had social classes called Estates?
France
Who was the founder of sociology?
Auguste Comte
Which event marked the end of the Enlightenment?
Death of Immanuel Kant
Which philosophical theory is closely related to empiricism?
Positivism
Whose philosophy spanned the period in German philosophy between the death of Gottfried Leibniz and the birth of Immanuel Kant?
Christian Wolff
Which of these people is most closely related with the philosophical theory of positivism?
Auguste Comte
What dominated the second period of philosophy of the nineteenth century?
Scientific advances and discoveries
John Stuart Mill is most closely related with which philosophical movement?
Utilitarianism
Who wrote The Origin of Species, which proposed a theory of evolution?
Charles Darwin
Karl Marx is most closely related with which philosophical theory?
Socialism
Jeremy Bentham is most closely related with which philosophical theory?
Utilitarianism
Whose model for writing about philosophy involved the use of a critique that consisted of analysis, dialect, and methodology?
Immanuel Kant
The ideal of doing the greatest good for the greatest number of people is part of which philosophical theory?
Utilitarianism
Who was the founder of German idealism?
Immanuel Kant
Which German philosopher proclaimed that "God is dead"?
Friedrich Nietzsche
Who used the scientific discoveries of the 1800s as a basis for his philosophy and applied the study of evolution to the academic disciplines of biology, sociology, psychology, and other areas?
Herbert Spencer
The third period of philosophy of the nineteenth century was dominated by which of these?
British idealism
Which statement is the best description of pragmatism?
Pragmatism is based on the application of scientific methods to the study of philosophy and its focus is to determine the value of an idea by testing how it works in the real world.
Who was Bertrand Russell?
He was one of the leading philosophers of the twentieth century and is considered by some to be the greatest logician since Aristotle.
Who is generally regarded as the founder of phenomenology?
Edmund Husserl
Which of these individuals are logical positivists?
Moritz Schlick, Rudolf Carnap, and Alfred North Whitehead
Who was John Dewey?
He was an American philosopher who believed that people live according to custom, tradition, and habit and use the information from their past to make decisions in daily life.
Which philosophical movement was centered in America?
Pragmatism
Which statement is the best description of philosophical analysis?
The goal of philosophical analysis is to solve problems or find answers to philosophic questions through the study of language or logic.
Who was the original founder of logical positivism?
Moritz Schlick
Which statement is the best description of logical positivism?
The only worthwhile theories, ideas, assertions, or statements are those that can be verified empirically.
What philosophical concept is demonstrated in this example?
A mechanic takes an automobile on a test drive after fixing the brakes to check if they are working properly.
Pragmatism
Which philosophical movement is most closely associated with empiricism?
Logical positivism
Who is considered to be the founder of existentialism?
Soren Kierkegaard
Which statement is the best description of phenomenology?
Phenomenology refers to the power of the human mind to recognize emotions and information gathered by the senses in the objects of consciousness and acts of consciousness.
Who proposed that people would have to find guidance and leadership in some other person or things because he believed that God is dead?
Friedrich Nietzsche
Which Austrian was one of the leading philosophers of the twentieth century and studied how ordinary language should be used to determine the true meaning of words?
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Which of these answers best describes lyric poetry?
Originally sung to a flute or lyre
The Iliad relates the adventures of which Greek hero?
Odysseus
Which statement is true with regard to the early history of Greece?
Greece was not united in its early history because of the isolation caused by mountainous terrain.
Who was known as the "Father of History"?
Herodotus
Which type of poetry was written to express feelings and emotions rather than adventures and heroic deeds?
Lyric poetry
Which of these answers best describes melic poetry?
Very passionate and emotional
Which type of poetry was sung by groups to the accompaniment of either lyres or flutes and did not use traditional stanzas but metrical units that changed in each poem?
Choral poems
Which of these statements is false?
Men and women were allowed to attend Greek plays.
Who was Alexander the Great's teacher?
Aristotle
Who wrote the biography Parallel Lives of Illustrious Greeks and Romans?
Plutarch
The events of what war were the subject of The Iliad and The Odyssey?
Trojan War
What country was ruled by Alexander the Great?
Macedonia
Which of these answers best describes iambic poetry?
Used to express satire or to ridicule another person
Which type of long narrative poems described people and events that are usually believed to be true by both the author and the audience?
Epic poems
The Iliad and The Odyssey are examples of which type of poetry?
Epic
Who was the father of Alexander the Great?
Philip II
The purpose of which type of poetry was to provide information or teach a lesson to the Greek people?
Didactic poem
Which of these people were known for writing elegiac poetry?
Tibullus, Propertius, and Ovid
Which two men were leading writers of tragedies in the early period of Latin literature?
Pacuvius and Lucius Accius
Which of these answers best describes Virgil?
He wrote the epic poem called the Aeneid.
Who was known as the "father of Roman poetry" and wrote Annales, an epic poem about the history of Rome?
Quintus Ennius
Which of these people was not an emperor of Rome?
Cicero
Who was known as the greatest writer of Latin prose?
Cicero
When did the fall of Rome occur?
Fifth century AD
Which group of people were the original settlers of Rome?
Latins
Which age of Roman literature was also known as the Imperial Period?
Golden Age
Which of these people is not known for writing satire?
Julius Caesar
In what country did the beginning of Latin literature have its roots?
Greece
Who were the legendary founders of Rome?
Romulus and Remus
Which of these statements is false?
Latin is part of the Indo-European family of languages.
Which of these people were known for writing histories of Rome?
Julius Caesar and Sallust
Martin Luther disagreed with the Catholic church over the question of indulgences, which led to what event?
Reformation
Who wrote Cymbeline, Henry VIII, The Tempest, Two Noble Kinsman, and The Winter's Tale which were completed during the Jacobean period?
William Shakespeare
Which event marked the end of the Anglo-Saxon period of British literature?
William I conquered England in 1066.
Which of these statements is true?
British literature consists of the plays, prose, and poetry
written by authors in Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and England.
By what other name was the Enlightenment known?
Age of Reason
Charles I is most closely related to which period of British literature?
Caroline Period
Which of these people is most closely related to the Jacobean period of British literature?
James I
The authors of which period turned their interest to remote and faraway places such as the medieval period, folklore, and legends?
Romantic
Which of these statements best describes lyric poetry?
Lyric poetry is usually a short poem that expresses an individual's experience and emotions.
Writers of which period wrote about the living conditions of the lower class living on the farms and in the cities of England?
Victorian
Which of these people was not a part of the Restoration period?
James I
Which of these people is most closely related to the Jacobean period of British literature?
James I
Who was the leading figure of British literature in the late 1700s?
Samuel Johnson
Which of these tribes is not one of the Germanic tribes that established settlements in England in the 400s and 500s?
Celts
Which of these periods was not part of the Renaissance period?
Enlightenment
Which of these statements best describes a sonnet?
A sonnet is a poem that consists of fourteen lines of iambic pentameter.
Which of these statements is true?
British literature consists of the plays, prose, and poetry
written by authors in Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland, and England.
Which of these was characteristic of many novels written during the naturalism movement?
Brutal and revealing glimpses into the life of the average person
Which of these is the best description of the "Pleiade"?
The "Pleiade" consisted of seven poets who devised a new form of French poetry.
Which of these kings supported the arts during the Classical Age?
King Louis XIV
Which of these could characterize the Romanticism movement?
Emotional expression and heightened imagination
After which war was French literature dominated by the philosophy of existentialism?
World War II
Who wrote The Count of Monte Cristo?
Alexandre Dumas
The Age of Reason was another name for which era?
Enlightenment Age
French scholars followed the lead of the Renaissance movement from what country?
Italy
Which of these statements is false?
Samuel Beckett and Eugène Ionesco were both born in France.
The "Oaths of Strasbourg," was the first written form of which language?
French
Who wrote The Three Musketeers?
Alexandre Dumas
Which of these statements is true?
French is considered to be one of the international languages.
Which writer developed the archetype of the lone hero with qualities of passion?
Francois-René de Chateaubriand
Which of these statements is false?
Samuel Beckett and Eugène Ionesco were both born in France.
What style of writing was common to German writers in the 1500s?
Brusque and coarse
What type of writing was done under the Nazi regime?
Propaganda
Which of these statements is true?
Early German authors wrote with few standards or style rules.
The Sturm und Drang movement centered on a rejection of which of these?
Classical forms
A famous opera written by Richard Wagner was based on which of these Germanic tales?
The Song of the Nibelungs
The writers of which movement tossed away the exaggerated works of emotionalism and concentrated on recounting objective observations?
Realism
In addition to the lyre, which instrument did minnesingers use to accompany their songs?
Harp
What type of works were encompassed in the interim period of literature in Germany?
A variety of literary works
Most of the important works of German literature have been written in which German dialect?
High German
The first golden age of literature centered on which of these?
Deeds of valor and chivalry
Which of these was one of the first works of literature about the Holy Grail?
Parzival
Humanism and the Reformation were two distinctive experiences of which German period?
Renaissance
Which of these are two major forms of the German language?
High German and Low German
In the 1400s and 1500s, who composed many of the ballads and poems?
The common people
Which of these was a pioneer of fantasy and horror genres?
Ernst Theodor Amadeus Wilhelm Hoffman
Who was one of the last Roman philosophers and statesmen?
Boethius
Which Ostrogoth helped break the last of Rome's power?
Theodoric
Italian is a part of which language family?
Indo-European language families
Italian language solidified under the influence of which dialect?
Sicilian dialect
Whose strongly written political works gained him exile from his beloved country?
Ugo Foscolo
What did Niccolo Machiavelli write?
A political essay
Which of these statements is the best description of verismo?
Verismo was a realistic movement that portrayed the poor and displaced people in Italy.
Whose unrequited love for a woman named Laura inspired the Book of Songs?
Francesco Petrarch
What type of law did most scholars who remained in Italy pursue?
Roman
Which of these statements is the best description of mannerism?
Mannerism was a return to the formal and classical literature of the Greeks.
Which of these answers best describes Machiavellian politics?
A corrupt government
Which of these statements is the best description of risorgimento?
Risorgimento was a political movement that worked for the unification of Italy.
Who won the Nobel prize for literature in 1959?
Salvatore Quasimodo
What kind of grammatical arrangements do Italian and English have?
Similar grammatical arrangements
What does vernacular mean?
Writings in the native language
The epic saga Beowulf is one of the earliest recorded tales from which age?
Viking Age
Which of these authors wrote rowdy drinking songs and poetic lyrics?
Carl Michael Bellman
Which of these authors wrote fanciful tales of magic and folklore?
Hans Christian Andersen
Who wrote the first novel to be published in Iceland, Lad and Lass?
Jon Thoroddsen
What are the official languages of Finland?
Finnish and Swedish
The translation of which book into Swedish and Danish helped to bring the use of native languages of the region into literature?
The Bible
Who received the Nobel Prize for literature in 1920?
Knut Hamsun
Who wrote the Prose Edda?
Snorri Sturluson
Who believed it was important to teach students to use their senses and intelligence rather than rote memorization?
Ludvig Holberg
What is a dialect?
A type of speech spoken by a specific group of people in a specific location, district, or region
Who received a laurel crown and was named king of Nordic poetry in 1829?
Adam Gottlob Oehlenschäger
What is a kenning?
A poetic phrase that is substituted for a more common word
Which of these statements is false?
Skalds traveled from kingdom to kingdom in the Golden Age.
The Icelandic language is similar to which of these?
Old Norse
Which literary work by Juan Ruiz portrayed the daily life of ordinary people as well as gave examples of ethereal and carnal love in the early 1300s?
The Book of Good Love
Who wrote the novel Don Quixote?
Miguel de Cervantes
Which of these literary events took place in Spain during the 1400s?
The first printing press was introduced to Spain.
The Reconquest of Spain spanned how many years?
Over seven hundred years
The resurgence of which institution in Spain in the 1500s created conflict with many of the country's authors?
The Inquisition
Which of these was one of the oldest forms of lyric poems in any Romance language?
Jarchas
Who wrote The Miracles of Our Lady and was one of the first known Spanish poets?
Gonzalo de Berceo
What is the official language of Spain?
Castilian
Where did the Galician-Portuguese dialect come from?
Iberian Peninsula
Which of these were similar to the troubadours and traveled from town to town reciting and singing poetry?
Juglares
Castilian Grammar was one of the first books that recorded specific rules for which language?
European
Which of these statements is false?
Spanish is spoken by over 197 million people.
American Spanish evolved when Spanish explorers and religious missionaries traveled to where?
Across the Americas
Satirical plots and sharp wit were often attributes of the roguish main character in which genre of novels?
Picaresque
During which century did the spirit of the Italian Renaissance spread through Spanish literature?
1500s
Which of these terms is defined as literature that consisted of short works that provided instructions and education about proper manners and local customs?
Costumbrismo
Who was a powerful influence on literature in Spain and commissioned two historical works?
King Alfonso X
In the 1700s, who founded three types of literary style?
Mikhail Lomonosov
From which language family did the Russian language descend?
Indo-European family
From which language did Muscovite literature evolve?
Old Bulgarian
Who contributed to the syllabic form of poetry for Russian literature in the 1600s?
Simeon Polotsky
Which of these is a collection of writing from the tenth century that contained several genres of literature?
The Primary Chronicle
Which two other languages dominated the region of Russia?
Ukrainian and Belarusian
Who was often called the "Father of Russian literature"?
Aleksander Pushkin
This event brought a decline in Russian literature in the 1900s.
The Communist Revolution
What type of character evolved through the writings of Alexander Griboyedov's verse?
The superfluous man
Who established the first tsarship in Russia?
Ivan the Terrible
Which Russian leader lifted many of the suppressive policies on Russian literature?
Mikhail Gorbachev
Who solidified the influence of western culture in Russia?
Peter the Great
What type of works composed much of the literature of medieval Russia?
Religious works
Which of these was one of Anton Chekhov's famous stage plays?
The Cherry Orchard
Which of these works was one of the first non-secular tales written in the late 1200s?
The Lay of Igor's Campaign
What type of religion worships only one god or supreme being?
Monotheism
Which of these stresses the potential goodness of people rather than the spiritual ideals of
a church?
Humanism
What type of government uses religious laws to rule the citizens?
Theocracy
Which term is defined as an object such as a statue or picture of a saint that is considered to
be holy?
Icon
In which of these are the values of the modern world more important than the values of
a religion?
Secularism
In what type of religion or government are men the leaders?
Patriarchy
What is a matriarchy?
Women are the leaders of the religion or government of a society.
What is agnosticism?
The practice of questioning the existence of a god or supreme being
The members of which type of religion worship many gods?
Polytheism
Which term is defined as the belief that the spirits of past generations are present in nature, objects, or people?
Animism
Which term is defined as the movement away from religion toward the values and influences of the modern world, such as movie stars or sports stars as examples of morality and standards of behavior?
Secularism
Which answer lists the systems of belief of a religion?
Prayer, ceremony, monotheism, and theism
Which of these terms is not a synonym for a sect?
Clergy
Which term is defined as the belief in the existence of a god or gods or some type of
supreme being?
Theism
Which of these terms is a synonym for a god?
Deity
In the Hindu trinity of gods, what is Vishnu?
Preserver
The religious beliefs and social system of which group of people eventually developed
into Hinduism?
Aryans
What is nirvana?
The state of not wanting anything
Which of these statements best describes Hinduism?
Hinduism features a trinity of three gods including Brahma, Vishnu, and Shiva.
Which of these is a Hindu spiritual leader?
Guru
What is sometimes referred to as the festival of the lights?
Diwali
What is the universal soul in which Hindus believe?
Atman
Which of these statements is false?
Hindu worship takes place in a temple in a ceremony attended by a large number of people.
When did the religion of Hinduism begin?
1500 BC
What contains the oldest and most sacred Hindu scripture and hymns?
Veda
In the Hindu trinity of gods, what is Shiva?
Destroyer
Which of these statements is the best description of the caste system in India?
In a caste system, a person is born to a certain status that determines his or her role in life.
Which of these statements is true?
Hinduism and Jainism were originally branches of Buddhism.
Which of these statements is true?
Hindus worship many gods.
What is karma?
The belief that one's thoughts, actions, and words will decide one's fate in the next life through reincarnation.
Which of these statements best describes the Buddhist school of Theravada?
Theravada is the oldest school of Buddhism.
Which of these would most closely be associated with the concept of moderation?
Middle Way
Which of these statements is false?
Hinduism and Buddhism accept the existence of a supreme being.
Which of these answers is the best description of Buddhism?
Buddhism is both a philosophy and a religion.
Which of these statements best describes the Buddhist school of Mahayana?
The followers of Mahayana worshipped Buddha as a god and also believed that there are many Buddhas.
What were the early visions of Buddha?
Buddha saw an old man, a sick man, a dead man, and a wandering man.
What is nirvana?
It is a state of complete happiness and peace and wanting of nothing.
Which of these statements is false?
Buddha is the main god in the Buddhist religion.
Most of the followers of which school of Buddhism are located mainly in Japan and believe that a person can gain spiritual enlightenment called satori?
Zen
What is the law of Buddhism that governs the behavior of the believers?
Dharma
Buddhism originally was part of which religion?
Hinduism
Which of these statements best describes the Buddhist school of Mantrayana?
The followers of Mantrayana worshipped Buddha as a god and also believed that there are many Buddhas.
Which of these statements is true?
Buddhism spread throughout Asia in the centuries following Buddha's death.
Which of these describes the four Noble Truths?
Ideas or truths that came to Buddha while he was sitting under a tree and which form the basis for the Buddhist religion.
When was Buddha born?
563 BC
Which school of Buddhism focuses on the authority of the Tripitaka and the historical study
of Buddha?
Theravada
Which of these statements best describes Taoism?
Taoism focuses on a way of thinking and a religion that stresses simplicity, meditation, and closeness with nature.
What event occurred in China in 1949?
Communist Revolution
Which of these statements is true?
The focus of the yin and the yang is to find a balance in nature.
What are The Analects?
A collection of the teachings and sayings of Confucius
What were the approximate dates regarding the influence of Confucianism in China?
About 200 BC until the beginning of the twentieth century
What does the Confucian code of conduct focus on?
The behavior of everyone in a society
Which early Confucian philosopher declared that it was the nature of human beings to be good?
Mencius
Which of these statements is false?
Confucius is considered to be the main god in the Confucian religion.
Who proposed that people needed specific rules to guide their conduct along with education to be good citizens?
Xun Zi
Based on the information in the study guide, how can Confucianism be defined?
Both a religion and a philosophy
Which of these statements best describes Confucianism?
Confucianism focuses on the development of a good society where peace and order are preserved between individuals and the government.
In which country did Hinduism and Buddhism originate?
India
In which country did Confucianism originate?
China
Which of these statements is true of Confucius by the time of his death?
He was widely unknown in his own country.
Which of these statements is false?
Legalism taught that the best government was the least government.
Who was the founder of Buddhism?
Siddhartha Gautama
Which of these was a leading supporter and proponent of Legalism?
Han Fei Tzu
Which of these was the most influential philosophical thought in China?
Confucianism
Who was Tsao Chun?
One of the Chinese domestic gods
The yin and yang are most closely associated with which of these?
Confucianism and Taoism
Which of these focuses on the self-centered and antisocial nature of human beings?
Legalism
Which of these statements best describes a Legalist point of view?
Legalism focuses on the unquestioning obedience to the government by the people
The philosopher Mencius would most likely support which of these concepts?
Taoism
Which of these are most closely associated with Taoism?
Lao-zi and Zhuangzi
Which of these can be best described as a political philosophy?
Legalism
What does Tao or "the way" refer to?
The unknown principles of the universe
What is the focus of the yin and yang?
To find a balance in nature
Which of these statements best describes a Confucianist point of view?
Confucianism focuses on the development of a good society where peace and order are preserved between individuals and the government, including a code of conduct for people.
According to the beliefs of Taoism, what is the controlling force of the universe?
Nature
Which of these statements best describes a Buddhist point of view?
Buddhism teaches that everyone experiences suffering and misery caused by a desire for money and happiness.
When did the U.S. Naval Fleet commanded by Matthew C. Perry visit Japan?
1853
Where did Buddhism originate?
India
Buddhism came to Japan from what country?
China
In what year was the State Shinto religion organized?
1868
What was the purpose of the visit to Japan by the U.S. Naval Fleet commanded by
Matthew C. Perry?
To open the ports of Japan to commerce
The Shinto religion was absorbed by which religion around 500 AD?
Buddhism
Which of these terms is defined as the belief that the spirits of past generations are present in nature, objects, or people?
Animism
What determined the leadership of a clan in ancient Japan?
Heredity
What was the leading clan that took power of Japan around 400 AD?
Yamamoto
Which term is defined as a successive line of rulers who are in power because of family inheritance?
Dynasty
Which of these is the best translation of the word "Shinto"?
It is the way of the Gods.
Which of these terms is a synonym for indigenous?
Original
Which of these statements is true?
There is a written record of the ancient Shinto religion.
Which of these statements is the best description of the Shinto religion?
Shintoism is most concerned with the things that happen in this world.
Which spirits did the early Japanese people believe were in control of the natural forces?
Kami
To whom did God present the Ten Commandments?
Moses
Which of these is an eight-day festival of lights that takes place in early December and commemorates the recapture of the temple in Jerusalem?
Hanukkah
Which of these is an eight-branched candlestick used during the festival of lights?
Menorah
What individual chants the sacred scriptures during religious ceremonies in the synagogue?
Cantor
Which of these statements is the best description of Conservative Judaism?
Conservative Judaism appeared in the middle of the nineteenth century and views the Talmud as important as the Bible.
What day celebrates the Jewish New Year and usually occurs in September?
Rosh Hashanah
What ceremony marks the arrival of a boy as a full member into the Jewish faith?
Bar mitzvah
What is found in the Torah?
Information about Jewish history up to the time of Moses' death
What is the correct time order of the lives of these individuals?
Abraham, Jacob, and Solomon
Which of these is the religious leader who both interprets and teaches the laws of Judaism?
Rabbi
Which of these statements is true?
God presented the Ten Commandments to Moses on Mount Sinai.
Which of these statements is false?
Orthodox Jews believe that the rituals of Judaism can change to meet the needs of new generations of Jews.
Which of these is the place of worship for Jews?
Synagogue
What do Jews believe that God will eventually send to save them?
A Messiah
When does the Jewish Sabbath occur?
Seventh day of the week
What is a sheik?
A leader of a tribe living in the desert
When Muslims pray each day, to which city do they face?
Mecca
Which of these statements is true about Islam?
The Muslims aggressively carried the message of Muhammad to other people.
What is a bedouin?
A desert dweller that moved from place to place tending herds of sheep, goats, or camels
What is an infidel?
A person who does not believe in a particular religion
Which of these terms means holy war?
Jihad
How many times a day are Muslims required to pray?
5 times a day
Which of these statements is true?
Muhammad was a great prophet.
In what city is the holiest shrine in the Islamic religion located?
Mecca
Where do Muslims worship?
mosque
What religion was founded by Muhammad?
Islam
What oasis did Muhammad flee to when he left Mecca?
Medina
Who is the god of Islam?
Allah
Which of these is not a group within the Islamic religion?
Abbasid
How was Muhammad related to Abu Bakr?
Muhammad was his son-in-law.
What is the holy book of the Muslims?
Quran
Where does the leader of the Catholic Church live?
Vatican City
Who is the head of the Anglican Church?
Archbishop of Canterbury
Which church was founded following the dispute between King Henry VIII and Pope Clement?
Anglican
The Crusades were fought to defeat the Turks and take back which city?
Jerusalem
What was the purpose of the Council of Trent that was held during the Counter-Reformation?
To stop the spread of Protestantism and to reform the Catholic Church
Which of these events occurred last?
Protestant Reformation
Jesus Christ was born in Bethlehem to parents of what faith?
Jewish
The Puritans who supported Oliver Cromwell in the 1600s in his fight with King Charles II were most closely associated with which Protestant religion?
Congregationalist
The origin of which Protestant Church can be traced to the teachings of John Calvin?
Presbyterian
When did the Protestant Reformation occur?
1500s
What were the followers of Jesus Christ called?
Apostles
Who crucified Jesus Christ?
Romans
Which of these statements is the most complete description of the Christian religion?
The religion of Christianity is based on information found in the Old and New Testaments of the Bible.
What is the largest Protestant religion in the world with regard to membership?
Lutheran
What are the two main parts of a Mass in the Catholic Church?
Readings from sacred scripture and the sacrament of the Eucharist
The Pilgrims who landed in 1620 in Plymouth, Massachusetts, were most closely associated with which Protestant religion?
Baptist
The origin of which Protestant religion can be traced to John Calvin and the Protestant Reformation in Europe in the 1500s?
Presbyterian
YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE...