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Midterm Studyguide RELIGION

Terms in this set (67)

What is a sacrament?
-Give us the grace to know and love God more deeply
-Bring us closer to God
-Efficacious signs of grace, instituted by Christ and entrusted to the Church, by which divine life is dispensed to us
Grace
the aid and comfort God gives us so that we may learn to love him more and do his will
types of grace
sanctifying and actual
actual grace
the help we receive every day to do good works and overcome temptation
sanctifying grace
comes from receiving a sacrament
how does one obtain more grace?
Personal prayer
Liturgical prayer (sacraments)
Fasting and almsgiving
Virtues
Baptism
-Sacrament by which God cleanses all sin, and one becomes a member of the church.
-Birth into new life in Christ
-Basis and foundation for christian life
-Necessary for salvation
Form of Baptism
"I baptize you in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit."
Matter of Baptism
holy water
Minister of Baptism
bishop, priest, or deacon
Where in the Bible do we see the sacrament of Baptism?
Matthew 28:19
"Go therefore and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, teaching them to observe all that I have commanded you"
What is the role of a godparent?
-Train the child to practice the faith
-Teach the child, to keep the commandments, including loving God, neighbor, and self
-Must be baptized and confirmed Catholic and at least 16 years old
Why is Baptism necessary for salvation?
-Grants membership into the Christian family, "Nobody can enter the Kingdom of God without being born of the water and Spirit" -John 3:5
-The Graces we receive in baptism, strengthen us as we grow older to know, love, and serve Jesus
What may be some circumstances, according to the Catholic Church, where God may offer salvation to an unbaptized person?
-Baptism by desire: those who were preparing for baptism, but died before receiving it. Also those who don't know Jesus, but seek the truth and try to follow God's will to the best of their understanding
-Infants who die before baptism: trust in God's mercy, who desires that all be saved
What are the effects of Baptism?
-Forgives Original sin and any personal sin
-Transforms recipient into an "adopted daughter of God, a member of the Church, and a temple of The Holy Spirit"
Confirmation
-Completion of the faith begun at Baptism
-Strengthening of baptismal grace
-Outpouring of the gifts of the holy spirit
Form of Confirmation
"Be sealed with the gift of the Holy Spirit"
Minister of Confirmation
Ordinary: Bishop
Extraordinary: Priest
Matter of Confirmation
Chrism
Where in the Bible do we see the sacrament of Confirmation?
Acts 8:14-17
"When the apostles at Jerusalem heard that Samaria had received the word of God, they sent them Peter and John, who came down and prayed for them that they might receive the Holy Spirit; for it only had not yet fallen on any of them, but they had only been baptized in the name of the Lord Jesus. Then they laid their hands on them and they received the Holy Spirit"
What is the role of a confirmation sponsor?
-Similar to a godparent in Baptism.
-If possible, one godparent from the confirmands Baptism should also be the sponsor
-Called to encourage and support the confirmand in living the Christian life.
Wisdom
grants us the ability to judge correctly and determine what is just in light of human reason and God's will
Understanding
allows us to more deeply comprehend the meaning of divine mysteries
Counsel
Guides us to know what we should or should not do in situations that require a moral decision
Fortitude
Gives us the courage to stand up for and defend the Faith
Knowledge
Gives us the eyes of faith (supernatural light) to see all creation and any good thing in the world as coming from and pointing toward God
Piety
Helps us relate to and love God as a father
Fear of the Lord
helps us to relate and love God as the Creator who is above us
What are the effects of Confirmation?
-Gives the recipient the grace to spread the Good News in word and deed
-Helps the recipient to explain to others why she is a disciple of Christ
Eucharist
A Christian sacrament commemorating the Last Supper by consecrating bread and wine.
Real Presence in the Eucharist
The belief that Jesus entire body and blood is truly and actually present in the Eucharist, even though the Eucharist still looks and tastes like bread and wine
Where do we see the Sacrament of the Eucharist in the bible?
Matthew 26: 26-28
While they were eating, Jesus took bread, and when he had given thanks, he broke it and gave it to his disciples, saying, "Take and eat; this is my body." 27 Then he took a cup, and when he had given thanks, he gave it to them, saying, "Drink from it, all of you. 28 This is my blood of the covenant, which is poured out for many for the forgiveness of sins.
Form of the Eucharist
"Take this, all of you, and eat of it. This is my body. Take this, all of you, and drink of it. This is the cup of my blood of the New Covenant"
When should a person receive the Eucharist?
Minister of Eucharist
priest or bishop
Matter of Eucharist
bread and wine
Who can receive the Eucharist?
Any Catholic who is Baptized and has received First Communion
How are the Mass and the Eucharist related?
-The Mass is the place where the bread and wine are consecrated into Jesus's body and blood
-Receiving the Eucharist at Mass unites Christians to God and each other
-Receiving the Eucharist at Mass gives grace to live as Jesus's disciples and promote unity among all Christians
What are the general parts of the Mass
-Introductory Rite
-Liturgy of the Word
-Liturgy of the Eucharist
-Concluding Rite
Why is Mass weekly requirement for Catholics?
-It is the third commandment- keep holy the sabbath
-Also Jesus instruction to his Apostles to celebrate the Eucharist
-"Until he comes again"
Who should a person frequently receive the Eucharist (what are the effects of the Eucharist)?
-Draws us closer to Jesus
-Unites the members of the Church
-Forgives venial (non-grave) sins
-Gives us grace to avoid sin
Confession
The sacrament through which Jesus forgives our sins, heals our soul, and reconciles sinner to God and His Church
Where in the Bible do see the sacrament of Confession
Parable of the Prodigal Son
Confess
welcomes us back into the Church
reconciles
to make amends and reestablish a relationship with the one who hurt you
forgive
letting go of feeling offense towards the one who hurt you
Form for Confession
-" I absolve you from your sins in the name of the Father, and of the Sin, and of the Holy Spirit"
Matter for Confession
laying on of hands
minister for confession
priests or bishops
Sin
An offense against reason, truth, or right conscience; a failure in love God, neighbors and self
Mortal Sin
very serious sin that breaks a person's friendship with God
Venial SIn
minor offenses we commit every day that weak our relationship with God
What are the conditions for a sin to be considered mortal?
grave matter, full knowledge, free consent
grave matter
the action performed is severe
full knowledge
a person must completely understand that what she is doing is wrong
free consent
a person freely chooses to commit an act or allow a grave act to happen
Why are Catholics required to confess their sins to a priest, apart from approaching God in prayer to ask for forgiveness?
Sin separates us from the Church community; confessing to a priest welcomes us back into the Church
How to make a good confession?
-Examine your conscience
-Be sorry for your sins
-Resolve to do your best not to sin again
-Confess all of your sins
-Pray an act of contrition
-Perform penance
-Go to confession regularly
Why should you frequently receive the sacrament of Confession on a regular basis?
To better understand yourself, correct bad habits, and to have a purified conscience
Anointing of the Sick
Gives grace and in some cases, physical healings, for those experiencing serious physical illness or on the verge of death
Where in the Bible do we see the sacrament of AOTS?
-Mark 16:17-18= "And these signs shall follow them that believe; In my name shall they cast out devils; they shall speak with new tongues;18 They shall take up serpents; and if they drink any deadly thing, it shall not hurt them; they shall lay hands on the sick, and they shall recover."
-James 5: 14-15
"Is any sick among you? let him call for the elders of the church; and let them pray over him, anointing him with oil in the name of the Lord: 15 And the prayer of faith shall save the sick, and the Lord shall raise him up; and if he have committed sins, they shall be forgiven him."
Form of AOTS
"Through this holy anointing, by his most loving mercy, may the lord assist you by the grade of the Holy Spirit so that freed from your sins he may save you and raise you up"
Minister of AOTS
priest or bishop
matter of AOTS
oil of the sick
In what circumstances can a person receive AOTS?
-Serious illness
-Sickness or weakness from old age
-Prior to a major surgery
-If one is in danger of death
Where can a person receive Anointing of the Sick?
home, hospital, church
Discuss a case where AOTS may forgive a person's sins.
If a person who had contrition and intended to go to Confession, but then was unable to do so due to a medical emergency
Why should a person seek AOTS?
-It unites the person to Jesus' passion
-Grants strength, peace, and courage to the person to endure in her suffering
-Forgives sins for those who had contrition but were unable to go to Confession
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