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Geology Final

Terms in this set (23)

4 eras of geologic time
Precambrian, Paleozoic, Mesozoic, Cenozoic
metamorphic rocks expect to encounter during regional metamorphism of a shale
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Why is quartz more abundant in sandstones and siltstones than igneous rocks
not subject to as much weathering
Type of fault you expect for find at
Convergent Plate Boundary
Deivergent
Transform
convergent: Reverse
Divergent: Normal
Transform: Strike Slip
3 differences between detrital and chemical sedimentary rocks
Detrital: Formed by breakdown of existing rocks from weathering
Chemical sed are formed by recrystallization and regrowth
Chemical rocks form in high stress and high heat
3 sedimentary structures that tell about depostion of rock
Ripple mark
Mudcrack
Raindrop mark
4 factors controlling type and amount of weathering
climate- temperate and tropical cause different weathering
Time- more time= more weathering
Amount of water most important factor controlling chemical weathering
soil type more weathering takes place in tropical limates-more leaching- more weatering
4 relative dating principles
original horizontality- mineral are originally deposited horizontally and event must happen to make that change
Principle of superposition- younger rocks deposited n top older
younger rocks can cross cut acros older rocks
younger rocks can have pieces of older rocks like tan conglomerate deposit on top of granite
3 differences between oceanic and continental crust
oceanic crust is denser than continental crust
Oceanic crust is primarily basaltic and continental crust is mostly silca based
Why are there no volcanoes associated with continent continent collisions
With this type of collision there are no features such as a subduction zone, trench or acretionary wedge.
3 most common elements in earths crust
silica, oxygen, Iron
factors controlling melting of a rock
High Temperature
Lower pressures- decompression melting
Presence of water- can cause partial melting
Composition of lava (composite)
Intermediate/Andesite
Composition of lava (shield)
Basalt
Volcanic landform of composite
stratovolcano
volvanic products of composite
tephra, pyroclastic flow
plate tectonic setting of compostie
subduction
volcanic products of shiled
Basaltic lava flow
plate tectonc setting of composite
subduction
plate tectonic setting of shield
hotspot
two mineral found in composite
Rhyolite, Amphibole
Two mineral found in shield
komotite, olivine
higher viscosity
composite- more explosive
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