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Chapter 12 Science Test

Terms in this set (39)

friction
the force that opposes the motion of objects that touch as they move past each other
sliding friction
a force that opposes the direction of motion of an object that slides over a surface
rolling friction
the change in shape at the point of rolling contact
sliding friction example
...
rolling friction example
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static friction
acts upon objects that are not moving that always acts in the direction opposite to the applied force
static friction example
...
fluid friction
opposes the motion of an object through a fluid
fluid friction example
...
an alternative word for inertia
mass
force
a push or a pull
Newton
kg X m/s2
net force
the overall force acting on an object after all the forces are combined
---> + ---> = ?
------>
---> + <------ = ?
<---
---> + <--- = ?
0
what happens to the net force when the forces of an object are balanced?
the force is 0 and there is no change in the objects motion
when an unbalanced force acts upon an object what happens?
the object accelerates
what is the order of frictions and why?
...
air resistance
fluid friction acting on an object moving through the air
gravity
the force that acts between any two masses
can friction act over long distances
no
Earths gravitational force acts in what direction?
downward towards the center of the Earth
what type of path does a projectile move in?
curved
explain why a projectile moves at a curved path.
the combination of any initial forward velocity and the downward vertical force of gravity causes the ball to follow a curved path
terminal velocity
the constant velocity of a falling object when the force of air resistance equals the force of gravity
projectile motion
the motion of a fallen object after it is given an initial forward velocity
how does air resistance affect the acceleration of a falling object
gravity causes objects to accelerate downward, whereas air resistance acts in the direction opposite to the motion and reduces acceleration
inertia
The tendency of an object to resist change in its motion
mass
A measure of the inertia of an object
weight
The perceived force of gravity acting upon an object
Newton's 1st Law
The state of motion of an object does not change as long as the net force acting on the object is zero
Newton's 2nd Law
The acceleration of an object is equal to the net force acting on it divided by the objects mass. F=ma
Aristotle
Greek scientist and philosopher who made discoveries through observation and logic
Galileo
Italian scientist mad discoveries through experimentation and discovered constant acceleration
Newton (the person)
The "father" of modern calculus and physics
what is the comparison between acceleration and net force?
acceleration and net force always head in the same direction
weight formula
w=mg or w=ma
how is mass different from weight
mass is a measure of the inertia of an object; weight is the measure of the force of gravity acting on an object
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