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The Qin and the Han

Terms in this set (58)

After Shi Huangdi conquered the warring states, what happened in China?
China became unified and built a strong government
How long did the Han Dynasty take over China?
They established a strong empire that lasted 400 years
How does of life in Han China impact life in China today?
It set a pattern that is still seen today
Who unified China?
The Qin
What was the sign that it was time for a new ruler?
Under Mandate of Heaven, ongoing wars were signs for new ruler
Who was the new ruin Han Dynasty?
Emperor Shi Huangdi
Where was Emperor Shi Huangdi from?
The state of Qin
What did Shi Huangdi do?
He began ending battles between warring states in 221 B.C.
How did he end the battles between warring states?
By conquering rival states, driving out nomad invaders, this expanded China
Shi Huangdi ran country as Legalist, what did he do so he could run it that way?
He wiped out Confucian teachings
How did he wipe out Confucianism?
He had 460 critics and Confucianists killed, burned books
What did Shi Huangdi want?
Personal control of strong central government
How did Shi Huangdi take control of the government?
He weakened noble families by taking land and making them live at capital
What did Shi Huangdi do to unite his lands?
He built highways and irrigation projects
Who was forced to work on these projects?
Peasants
How did Shi Huangdi fund these projects?
Used high taxes to fund them
How did Shi Huangdi change weights, measures, coins and writing?
He set government standards for them
By setting government standards for weights, measures, coins and writing, what became easier?
Trade and do business everywhere in China
Where did Shi Huangdi build a long wall?
On the northern borders
Why did he build the long wall?
To stop invaders
Who was forced to build the wall?
Hundreds of thousands of peasants and criminals
Why was there resentment among the people during the construction of the wall?
Many peope died from hard labor
The First Great Wall linked smaller walls that were from?
the Time of Warring States
When did the Qin Dynasty End?
Shi Huangdi died in 210 B.C., he was buried in elaborate tomb
Who was discovered to be buried near Shi Huangdi in 1974?
An army of terra cotta soldiers
Who replaced the Qin?
The Han
What happened at the end of the rule of Shi Huangdiʼs son?
Civil war broke out
How did the war end?
General Liu Bang defeated the Qin
What happened to China when the Civil War ended?
China became reunified
Who began Han Dynasty?
Lui Bang
How long did the Han Dynasty last?
From 202 B.C. to about A.D. 220
Name three things Lui Bang did in government?
He kept strong government, lowered taxes and reduced punishments
What did Lui Bang have peasants do?
Build roads, canals and irrigation system
Lui Bang set up bureaucracy, how did he do that?
Chosen officials ran offices and bureaus
Who was chosen to be the officials?
They were often Han family members and trusted people
How were these officials selected?
To find officials, they gave people system of tests on Confucianism
Why did they give tests on Confucianism?
It helped select educated, ethical people for bureaucratic state
Who ruled after Lui Bang died in 195 B.C.?
His widow, Empress Lü, ruled for her son
Empress Lu outlived her son, how did she keep power?
By placing infants on the throne
What happened when Empress Lu died in 180 B.C.?
All her relatives were executed
Who came to rule Chine after the Empress?
Wudi, ruled from 141 to 87 B.C.
Who was known as the Martial Emperor?
Wudi
What did Wudi do?
Started wars to expand borders to south China, north Vietnam and north Korea
Han stayed in power despite what?
Rebellions, revolts, floods and famines
What was daily life like in Han China?
Much of society lived in villages, worked on farms
What type of house did most people live in?
One or two-story mud houses
How did rich farmers pull plows?
Used oxen
How did poor pull plows?
Themselves
What was the clothing like at that time?
It was simple clothing that included clothes stuffed like a quilt for cool months
What did they grow in the north?
Wheat and millet in north
Where was the rice raised?
In the south
Why did people eat fish and meat in small portions?
Because they were expensive
What happened in the Han cities?
They were centers of trade, education and government
What were the cities like?
They were crowded with merchants, craftspeople and government officials
What kind of entertainment did they have?
Musicians, jugglers and acrobats
What is important about the Qin ruler Shi Huangdi?
In 221 B.C., he unified China and ruled by harsh Legalist principles
Who ruled over a large and successful land?
The Han Dynasty
Is the Han Chinese way of life is reflected in Chinese life today?
Yes
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