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Terms in this set (39)

conduction-
the transfer of energy through matter in which energy moves from particle to particle; conduction takes place more easily in solids than in liquids and gases.
convection-
the transfer of energy by the bulk movement of matter in which particles move from place to place in a fluid, carrying the energy with them.
gas-
substance that fills space available, no definite volume or shape.
heat-
heat (thermal) energy that flows from a warmer material to a cooler material.
heat energy (thermal energy)-
energy that comes from internal vibration of atoms and molecules.
heat transfer (heat flow)-
the process whereby heat (thermal) energy flows from warmer materials to cooler materials.
kinetic energy-
energy in the form of motion; depends on the mass and velocity of the object
Law of Conservation of Energy-
energy cannot be created or destroyed only changed from one form to another.
liquid-
substance with a definite volume and mass, but no definite shape
molecule-
the smallest particle of a compound that retains the properties of the compound
motion-
the state in which one object's distance from another is changing
Particle Theory of Matter (Kinetic Theory of Matter)-
particles in constant motion make up all matter
phases of matter-
the four forms in which matter exists (solid, liquid, gas and plasma)
radiation-
the transfer of energy in the form of waves, a type of energy transfer that does not require matter
solid-
definite shape and definite volume
thermal energy-
total energy, including kinetic and potential energy, of the particles that make up a material
thermal expansion-
characteristic of most matter that causes it to expand when heated and contract when cooled.
characteristic property-
property that can be used to identify unknown substances.
chemical change-
change of one substance to another substance
chemical property-
characteristic of a substance that indicates whether it can undergo a chemical change includes acidity, basicity, combustibility, and reactivity
color-
a physical property of matter resulting from light being reflected, or absorbed
combustibility
ability of a substance to catch fire and burn easily
compound-
a substance made of two or more elements that are chemically combined
density-
mass per unit of volume of a material
element-
substance in which all the atoms in a sample are alike
matter-
anything that has both mass and volume
mixture-
two or more substances that can be separated by physical means and not chemically combined
molecule-
the smallest particle of compound that retains the properties of the compound
odor-
a smell
Particle Theory of Matter (Kinetic Theory of Matter)-
particles in constant motion make up all matter
phase change-
physical change of matter from one state to a different caused by a change in heat energy (added or removed), there is no change in temperature (example: solid to liquid, liquid to gas or vice versa)
physical change-
a change in size, shape, or state of matter
physical property-
any such characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the substances that make up the matter includes shape, density, solubility, odor, melting point, boiling point, and color
reactivity-
ability to combine with another substance
shape-
the form or contour of an object
solid-
definite shape and definite volume
solubility-
the amount of a substance that will dissolve in solute
substance-
either an element or compound which cannot be reduced to basic components by physical processes
volume-
amount of space occupied by an object
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