Upgrade to remove ads
Only $2.99/month

Pharm ATI - Chapter 9 (Bipolar)

Terms in this set (17)

Mood Stabilizer
Lithium
Mood stabilizer action
neurochemical changes in brain to block serotonin receptors and decrease neuronal atrophy
Lithium side effects
GI distress, fine hand tremors, polyuria/mild thirst, weight gain, renal toxicity, goiter and hypothyroidism, bradydysrhythmia/hypotension/electrolyte imbalances, TOXICITY
Lithium Toxicity - Early
<1.5 mEq/L - N/V/D, thirst, polyuria, muscle weakness, fine hand tremor, slurred speech, lethargy
Lithium Toxicity - Advanced
1.5-2.0 mEq/L - ongoing GI distress (N/V/D), mental confusion, poor coordination, coarse tremors, sedation
Lithium Toxicity - Severe
2.0-2.5 mEq/L - Extreme polyuria of dilute urine, tinnitus, involuntary extremity movements, blurred vision, ataxia, seizures, severe hypotension leading to coma and death
Lithium Toxicity - Severe (above 2.5)
oliguria, seizures, rapid progression of symptoms leading to coma and death -- ONLY TREAT WITH HEMODIALYSIS
Lithium Interactions
Diuretics (decreases lithium excretion), NSAIDs, anticholinergics
Monitor Lithium Levels - Monitoring
Monitor at least 5 days after starting/after dosage change until therapeutic level is achieved
After therapeutic levels achieved, monitor every 1-3 months
Level should be between 0.8-1.4 mEq/L
Mood-Stabilizing antiepileptics -- names
carbamazepine, valproic acid, lamotrigine
Antiepiletpic action
slowing entrance of sodium and calcium into the neuron, potentiating GABA, inhibiting glutamate (suppresses CNS excitation)
Antiepileptic side effects (general)
CNS effects, blood dyscrasias, teratogenesis, hypo-osmolality, skin disorders, hepatotoxicity
Lamotrigine side effects
double/blurred vision, dizziness, headache, N/V; serious skin rashes (Stevens-Johnson)
Valproic Acid side effects
GI effects, hepatotoxicity, pancreatitis, thrombocytopenia, teratogenesis, weight gain
Carbamazepine Interactions
oral contraceptives, warfarin, grapefruit juice, phenytoin and phenobarbital
Lamotrigine Interactiosn
carbamazepine, phenytoin, phenobarbital, valproic acid
Valproic Acid interactions
phenytoin and phenobarbital
YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE...