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Biology: Photosynthesis

Terms in this set (34)

Formula for photosynthesis
6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Light Energy → C₆H₁₂O₆+ 6O₂
reactants
carbon dioxide (6CO₂) + water (6H₂O) + Light Energy
products
glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) + oxygen (6O₂)
chloroplast
where photosynthesis occurs, synthesizes glucose molecules
stroma
"chloroplasm" acts as the cytoplasm of chloroplasts
thylakoids
one singular disk inside the chloroplast
granum (grana)
stacks of thylakoids within a chloroplast
sunlight
where the energy for photosynthesis comes from
chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoids
the plant pigments involved in photosynthesis
photosynthesis
process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates such as sugars and starches
Photosynthesis
opposite to cellular respiration
two stages of photosynthesis
light reactions and calvin cycle
chlorophyll
green pigment found in chloroplasts
red and blue light
chlorophyll absorbs
green light
chlorophyll reflects
light
plants collect this from chlorophyll
thylakoid/grana
where the light dependent reaction takes place, catalyze the reaction
photolysis
occurs in the light dependent reaction, where light is used to SPLIT H₂O into hydrogen and oxygen
oxygen
waste product of photosynthesis
photosystems I and II
works together to produce the energy that will be used later in the stroma to manufacture sugars
Photosystems I and II
made up of accessory pigment molecules and chlorophyll, these molecules absorb light particles, called photons, this excites electrons to a higher state.
Stroma
where light independent (calvin, dark) reactions occur
calvin cycle, dark reaction (light independent)
The fixing of carbon dioxide in a 3 carbon compound for use in sugar production or other end products
ATP
from the light dependent reaction helps supply energy
NADPH
also from the light dependent reaction, this supplies reducing power, helping add high energy electrons
PGAL (phosphoglyceraldehyde)
compound containing three carbon atoms produced in the dark reactions; synthesizes glucose
ATP (adenosine triphosphate)
energy is released when the last bond between the phosphates is broken. energy is required when adding/making a bond to a phosphate
guard cell
controls the stomata; regulates transpiration
stomata (stoma)
opening that allows gases to exchange (CO₂ and O₂)
transpiration
when plants lose water from the stomata in their leaves
xylem
vascular bundle that transports water upwards
phloem
vascular bundle transports nutrients and food downward
autotroph
organisms able to make their own food
heterotroph
organism that must obtain their food by other organisms
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