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Crimes

Terms in this set (59)

Moral Offense
An offense that was originally defined to protect the family and related social institutions.
Property Crime
A crime committed against property.
Personal Crimes
A crime committed against a person.
Strict Liability Crime
Liability without fault or intention
Criminal Solicitation
The encouraging, requesting, or commanding of another person to commit a crime.
Criminal Conspiracy
An agreement between two or more people to commit or to effect the commission of an unlawful act or to use unlawful means to accomplish an act that is not unlawful.
Entrapment
An improper or illegal inducement to crime by enforcement agents.
Manslaughter
The unlawful killing of a human being without malice.
Voluntary Manslaughter
An unlawful killing of a human being without malice that is done intentionally during sudden heat of passion. Also, a killing committed without lawful justification, wherein the defendant acted under a sudden and intense passion resulting from adequate provocation.
Involuntary Manslaughter
An unintentional killing of which criminal liability is imposed but that does not constitute murder. Also, the unintentional killing of a person during the commission of a lesser unlawful act, or the killing of someone during the commission of a lawful act, which nevertheless results in an unlawful death.
Murder:
An unlawful killing (not justified), of another person, with malice aforethought
Aggravated Murder
Murder plus one or more aggravating factors as specified by law.
Capital Murder
Murder for which the death penalty is authorized by law.
Premeditated Murder
Murder that was planned in advance and willfully carried out.
Homicide
The killing of a human being by the act, punishment, or omission of another human being
Criminal Homicide
: The purposeful, knowing, reckless, or negligent killing of one human by another human. Criminal homicide may be classified as murder, manslaughter, or negligent homicide.
Justifiable Homicide
1) Homicide that is permitted under the law. 2) A killing justified for the good of the society. 3) The killing of another in self-defense when danger or serious bodily harm exists. 4) The killing of a person according to one's duties or out of necessity but without blame.
Criminal Negligence Homicide
Homicide that results from criminal negligence.
Negligent Homicide
The killing of a human being by criminal negligence or by the failure to exercise reasonable, prudent care. Also, a criminal offense committed by one whose negligence is the direct and proximate cause of another's death.
Assault
Attempt or threatened battery. A willful attempt or willful threat to inflict injury on another person. Have to have the present ability to carry out the violence.
Aggravated Assault
An assault that is committed with the intention of committing an additional crime.
Battery
1) Unlawful physical violence inflicted on another without his or her consent
2) An intentional and offensive touching or wrongful physical contact with another,Without consent, that results in some injury or offends or causes discomfort
Aggravated Battery
A battery that is committed with the use of a deadly weapon, that is committed with the intention of committing another crime, or that results in serious injury.
Criminal Sexual Conduct
A gender-neutral term applied today to a wide variety of sex offenses, including rape, sodomy, criminal sexual conduct with a child, and deviate sexual behavior.
False Imprisonment
The unlawful restraint of another person's liberty.
Rape
Under common law, unlawful sexual intercourse with a female without her consent. Force (without consent) for sexual intercourse
Forcible Rape
Rape that is accomplished against a person's will by means of force, violence, duress, menace, or fear of intimidate and unlawful bodily injury to the victim.
Kidnapping
The unlawful removal of a person from the place where he or she is found, against the person's will and through the use of force, or some other form of intimidation.
Mayhem
The intentional infliction of injury on another that causes the removal of, seriously disfigures, or impairs the function of a member or organ of the body.
Sexual Assault
A statutory crime that combines all sexual offences into one offense. It is broader than the common law of rape.
Sexual Battery
The unlawful touching of an intimate part of another person against that person's will and for the purpose of sexual arousal, gratification, or abuse.
Sodomy
Oral or anal copulation between people of the same or different gender or between a human being and an animal.
Stalking
The intentional frightening of another through following, harassing, annoying, tormenting, or terrorizing activities.
Larceny
The trespassory or wrongful taking and carrying away (asportation) of the personal property of another with intent to steal.
Forgery
The making of false written instrument or the material alteration of an existing genuine written instrument.
Embezzlement
The misappropriation of property already in the possession of the defendant. Also, the unlawful conversion of the personal property of another by a person to whom it has been entrusted by its rightful owner.
False Pretence
Knowingly and unlawfully obtaining title to, and possession of the lawful property of another by means of deception and with intent to defraud.
Robbery
The unlawful taking of property that is in the immediate possession of another by force or by threat of force.
Asportation
The trespassory taking and carrying away (as of personal property in the crime of larceny or the victim in kidnapping)
Extortion
The taking of personal property by threat of future harm.
Uttering
The offering, passing, or attempted passing of a forged instrument with knowledge that the document is false and with intent to defraud.
Breach of Peace
Any unlawful activity that unreasonably disturbs the peace and tranquility of the community.
Disorderly Conduct
Specific, purposeful, and unlawful behavior that tends to cause public inconvenience, annoyance, or alarm
Prize Fighting
Unlawful public fighting undertaken for the purpose of winning an award or a prize
Affray
A fight between two or more people in a public place to the terror of others
Unlawful Assembly
A gathering of three or more people for the purpose of doing an unlawful act or for the purpose of doing a lawful act in a violent, boisterous, or tumultuous manner
Riot
A tumultuous disturbance of the peace by three or more people assembled of their own authority
Vagrancy
Under common law, the act of going about from place to place by a person without visible means of support. Who was idle, and who, thought able to work for his or her maintenance, refused to do so and lived without labor or on the charity of others
Loitering
The act of delaying, lingering, or idling about without a lawful reason for being present
Sedition
A crime that consists of a communication or agreement intended to defame the government or to incite treason
Perjury
The willful giving of false testimony under oath in a judicial proceeding.
Criminal Contempt
Deliberate conduct calculated to obstruct or embarrass a court of law.
Obstruction of Justice
An unlawful attempt to interfere with the administration of the courts, the judicial system, or law enforcement officers or who seek justice in a court or whose duties involve the administration of justice.
Resisting Arrest
The crime of obstructing or opposing a peace officer who is making an arrest.
Bribery
The offense of giving or receiving a gift or reward intended to influence a person in the exercise of a judicial or public duty.
Terrorism
The commission of a traditional crime, such as murder, with the intention of coercing a population or influencing a government through fear or intimidation.
Treason
The crime of levying war against, or supporting the enemy of, one's nation.
Human Smuggling
Illegal immigration in which an agent is paid to help a person cross national border secretly.
Sex Trafficking
The recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for the purpose of a commercial sex act.
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