62 terms
Reproductive System Key Terms
Scrotum
fat skin and muscle pouch to protect and control temperature of testicles
Testis
testicles
Epididymis
pouch like structure on top of testis
Ductus Deferens
contracts to push sperm along to accessory glands
Seminal vesicles
Accessory glands that add another component to make semen
Prostate Gland
Gland that produces a clear slightly alkaline fluid that makes up 10-30% of semen
Cowper's Gland
One of two small glands that produces a clear, viscous secretion known as pre-ejaculate. This fluid helps to lubricate the urethra for spermatozoa to pass through, and to help flush out any residual urine or foreign matter
Urethra
A tube connecting the bladder to outside of the body. Excretes both semen and urine
Corpus Cavernosum
spongelike rehions that are found in both the penis and clitoris
Corpus Spongiosum
the mass of spongy tissue surrounding the male urethra within the penis
Glans Penis
The tip of the penis covered by foreskin
Urethral Orifice
The hole atr which the urethra meets the outside world
Impotence
Difficulty maintaining or having an erection
Infertility
biological incapability to contribute to conception
Sterility
Absolute inability to contribute to conception
Oligospermia
A condition in which a male has less than 20 million sperm per ml of ejaculate
Cryptorchidism
absence of one or both testes from the scrotum
Acrosome
An organelle with a cap like shape that develops over the head of a spermatazoa
Vagina
the tubular tract leading from the uterus to the exterior of the body in females
Cervix
lower narrow portion of uterus where it joins with the vagina
Uterus
The womb opens to vagina and fallopian tubes
Perimetrium
outer srosa layer of the uterus
Myometrium
Middle layer of uterine wall
Endometrium
the inner membrane of the uterus, preventing adhesions between the opposed walls of the myometrium, thereby maintaining the patency of the uterine cavity. During the menstrual cycle or estrous cycle, the endometrium grows to a thick, blood vessel rich, glandular tissue layer. This represents an optimal environment for the implantation of a blastocyst upon its arrival in the uterus.
Fallopian Tubes/Oviducts
two very fine tubes leading from the ovaries to the uterus
Cilium
moves the ovum from the ovariesto the Uterus
Ovaries
egg producing reproductive organ
Fimbria
tissue leading from the fallopian tubes to the ovaries, "grabs" eggs
Spermatogenesis
process by which male gametogonia develop into mature spermatozoa
Spermatogonium
an intermediary male gametogonium (a kind of germ cell) in the production of spermatozoa.
Spermatocytes
a male gametocyte which is derived from a spermatogonium. Initially, a spermatogonium divides by mitosis into two so-called primary spermatocytes
Spermatids
the haploid male gametid that results from division of secondary spermatocytes
Semineferous Tubules
the specific location of meiosis, and the subsequent creation of gametes
Tunica Albuginea
fibrous covering of the testis
Oogenesis
the creation of an ovum
Sterilization
operation which renders one unable to procreate
Implantation
The Attachment of the embryo to the uterus
Zygote
the result of fertilization
Morula
an embryo at an early stage of embryonic development, consisting of approximately 12-32 cells (called blastomeres
Blastocyst
stage after Morula
Mentsrual Cycle
cycle of ovulation and menstrual bleeding
Labor
the baby pops out to say HeY!
Parturition
Childbirth
Primary Follicle
follicles present at peberty
Graafian Follicle
a mature ovum in its sac
Oocyte
immature stage of the female sex cell
Ovulation
ovarian follicle ruptures and discharges a ovum
Menopause
when menstrual cycles stop
Menses
menstrual flow
Dymenorrheea
painful menstruation
Ammenorrhea
absence of normal menstruation
Premenstrual syndrome
physiological and physical craziness before menstruation
Hysterectomy
surgical removement of the uterus
Conception
fertilization
Corpus Luteum
a hormone secreting glandular structure transformed after ovulation from a ruptured follicle
Testosterone
male sex hormone produced in the testes
Estrogen
the female sex hormone produced in the ovaries
Progesterone
hormone produced by the corpus luteum; stimulates the secretion of the uterine lining; with estrogen, helps initiate puberty in females
Clitoris
erectile tissue located in the vestibule of the vagina
Clitaderectomy
surgical removal of the clitoris
Hymen
membrane that may partially or totally occlude the vaginal outlet
Menarche
beginnings of the mentsrual function