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Psych drugs for shelf exam

Terms in this set (27)

Most psychotropics are metabolized by the liver except for ?
Lithium and Gabapentin which is metabolized by the kidney
Which drug is treats depression with significant insomnia? What are the side effects?
Trazodone
Side effects: priapism, hypotension, sedation
Which 2 drugs are good for sleep onset insomnia?
zolpidem (Ambien), zaleplon, and triazolam
Which drugs are good for sleep maintenance insomnia?
estazolam (benz) or flurazepam (both are hypnotics with slower rate of elimination)
Treats anxiety, panic disorder, insomnia - rapid onset.
Alprazolam (Xanax)
When are TCA used?
-2nd line treatment for depression. Can be useful in patients with comorbid neurologic pain
What are side effects of TCAs?
easy to overdose and may be fatal at 5 times the therapeutic dose (due to cardiac QT interval prolongation that causes arrhythmias), sedation, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, anticholinergic symptoms
Which drug treats malignant hyperthermia (a rare, life-threatening disorder triggered by general anesthesia), neuroleptic malignant syndrome, muscle spasticity, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (ecstasy) intoxication, serotonin syndrome, and 2,4-dinitrophenol poisoning?
Dantrolene (a muscle relaxant that acts by abolishing excitation-contraction coupling in muscle cells, probably by action on the ryanodine receptor)
Which drugs can treat dystonic reactions?
Benzatropine (an anticholinergic and dopamine reuptake inhibitor) and diphenhydramine (antihistamine)
Which drug treats severe allergic reactions, motion sickness, and symptoms of Parkinson's disease?
Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
How to treat serotonin syndrome?
cyproheptadine
What is the best initial antidote for ethylene glycol or methanol poisoning?
Fomepizole
Bicarbonate is the antidote used to alkalinize the urine in cases of ____________ toxicity and ________ overdose.
aspirin (salicylate)
TCA
What is the antidote for organophosphate poisoning? What provides short acting relief?
pralidoxime
atropine
most common symptoms of ________ toxicity include nausea, emesis, diarrhea, ataxia, confusion, polyuria, seizures, and coma.
lithium
What are the 4 indications for hemodialysis in methanol poisioning?
1. Ingestion of methanol >30 ml
2. serum methanol level >20 mg/dl
3. development of visual changes
4. lack of improvement in acidosis despite multiple sodium bicarbonate infusions
How does discontinuation present and what 2 SSRIs are highest risk?
anxiety, ataxia, vertigo, fatigue, headache, insomnia, irritability, nausea, tremor and vomiting.

it is caused by abrupt cessation of SSRIs, Paroxetine and venlafexine are the highest risk
What can treat neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
bromocriptime (dopamine agonist)
What 2 drugs are maintenance meds for panic disorder?
sertraline and paroxetine (SSRIs)
Which 2 antipsychotics can be used to treat "irritability" in ADHD?
Risperidone
Aripiprazole (Abilify)
What drugs can treat EPS? Which drug can treat akathisa?
-diphenhydramine (Benadryl)
-Benztropine (Cogentin)

beta blockers or Benztropine
What could be a major side effect of Risperidone?
hyperprolactinemia (presents with decreased menstruation, gynecomastia)
What is the gold standard for treating OCD?
Clomipramine (Anafranil)
Gold standard of treatment for bipolar?
-Lithium
-Valproate
Which 2 drugs could cause agranulocytosis?
-Clozapine (antipsychotic)
-Carbamazepine (mood stabilizer)
First line treatment for anxiety disorders?
SSRIs
Which benzodiazepines to use in people with liver disease?
Lorazepam (Ativan)
Oxazepam (Serax)
Temazepam (Restoril)

-directly conjugated by the liver (no oxidative metabolism so less stress on the liver)
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