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Acid / Base Vocabulary. Use these flashcards in preparation for the acid base quiz on Jan 22.

Terms in this set (22)

Arrhenius Acid
a substance that produces H+ (hydrogen ion, proton) or H3O+ (hydronium) ion as
the only positive ion in solutions.
Arrhenius Base
a substance that produces OH-(hydroxide) ions as the only negative ions in solutions.
Bronsted-Lowry Acid Theory
a substance that donates H+ (hydrogen ion, proton) in acid-base reactions.
Bronsted-Lowry Base Theory
a substance that accepts H+ (hydrogen ion, proton) in acid-base reactions.
Hydrogen ion
a hydrogen atom that has lost its only electron. H+ is a proton. The only positive ion produced by all Arrhenius acids in solution.
Hydronium ion
a polyatomic ion formed when H2O (a water molecule) combines with H+ (hydrogen ion). Ion formed by all Arrhenius acids in solutions.
Hydroxide ion
the only negative ion produced by Arrhenius bases in solutions.
Acidity
Describes how acidic a solution is
Alkalinity
describes how basic a solution is
Electrolyte
a substances that dissolves in water to produce an aqueous solution that
conducts electricity. Conductivity of an electrolyte is due to mobile ions in solutions.
Indicator
any substance that changes color in the presence of another substance.
Acid-base indicators are used to determine if a substance is an acid or a base.
Neutralization
a reaction of an acid with a base to produce water and a salt.
Salt
a product of a neutralization reaction.
an ionic substance.
Titration
a process used in determining the concentration of an unknown solution by reacting it
with a solution of known concentration.
conjugate acid
the particle formed when a base gains a hydrogen ion
conjugate base
the particle that remains when an acid has donated a hydrogen ion
monoprotic acid
an acid that can donate only one proton (hydrogen ion) per molecule. Example: HCl
diprotic acid
an acid that has two ionizable hydrogen atoms in each molecule, such as sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
triprotic acid
an acid that has three ionizable protons per molecule, such as phosphoric acid (H3PO4)
monobasic
A substance that produces one mole of hydroxide ion per mole of compound dissolved in aqueous solution. Example: NaOH
dibasic
a substance that produces two moles of hydroxide ion per mole of compound dissolved in aqueous solution. Example: Ca(OH)2
Amphoteric
a substance that can act as both an acid and a base. The typical example is water.
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