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UNIT 8 BIOLOGY

Terms in this set (52)

Gods work in creating the universe out of nothing is called
creationism
What type of creationism believes in the literal interpretation of the bible as 6 solar days of creation are
young earth
young earthers believe that the age of the earth is what
6000-7000 years old
the type of creations that believes in the figurative interpretation are called what
old earth
old earthers believe that they age of the earth is 4.6 billion years old
4.6 billion years old
when a species changes biologically over time from its defendants is called
evolution
evolutionists believe the earth is how many years old
4.6 billion years old
what are four results of evolutionary thinking only when you take God out of the equation
not responsible to God
no need for savior
evolved animal
mans religion is scientism
the scientist who proposed that all organisms evolved toward perfection and complexity and structures become larger or smaller with use or disuse was
Jean-Baptiste Lamarik
where did Charles Darwin do his research
Galapagos Islands
the differences in physical traits of an individual from those of other individuals what
variation
what did Darwin observe with the Finches
Different islands have finches with different beak types because of the types of food present on each island
When organisms have variation some of the mutations help the organisms to better survive in the environment what is this called
adaption
What is the process by which HUMANS change a species through breeding
artificial selection
what is the ability of a tait to be passes down through generation
heredity
when population are faced with challenges like limited resources or disease this is called
struggle for survival
Darwin decided that the environment can select for certain traits in nature what is process called
natural selection
what are the four principles of natural selection IN ORDER
1. variations
2. over production
3. adaption
4. decent with modification
What are Darin cited four pieces of evidence
1. fossils
2. embryology
3. anatomy
4. geography
define Darwin's fossils
more primitive fossils are found in bottom layers of rock
define Darwin's embryology
some species that look different as adults resemble other embryos
define Darwin's anatomy
he looked at Body parts like hands and feet
define Darwin's geography
island species resembles those on nearby mainlands
features that are similar in structure but appear in different organisms and gave different functions are called what
homologous structures
remnant's of organs or structures that had functions in an early ancestor are called what
vestigal structures
the more closely related two organisms are
the more closely related there dna is
genetic variation is helpful for sustaining a population because there are more what
phenotypes
all alleles are stored in a what
genepool
allele frequencies are what
how common an allele is in a population
the two sources of genetic variation are
1. mutations
2. recombination
the movement of alleles into or out of a population is called what
gene flow
when a population is greatly reduced in size due to chance what occurs
genetic drift
when genetic drift occurs this greatly reduces the what
genetic variation of that population and hurting that populations chance for survival
the type of genetic drift that occurs after an event is called the bottleneck effect
the bottleneck effect (over hunting)
what is the type of genetic drift that occurs after a group of organisms colonize a new area
founder effect
what is sexual selection
when mates chose based upon physical traits
the equilibrium state in which genotype frequencies stay the same from generation to generation is called
hardy- Weinberg Equilibrium
whats the equation for Hardy-Weinberg
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
list the five factors needed for a population to be in Hardy - Weinberg equilibrium
no genetic drift
no geneflow
no mutation
no sexual selection
no natural selection
what five factors lead to evolution when population are not in Hardy - Weinberg
genetic drift
gene flow
mutation
sexual selection
natural selection
when members of different population no longer mate successfully with one another this is called
reproductive isolation
reproductive isolation leads to what
speciation the rise of 2 or more species from one existing one
what are the three barriers that cause the isolation of population to occurs
1. behavioral isolation
2. geotropic isolation
3. temporal isolation
what is behavioral isolation
differences in courtship of mating behaviors preventing mating
what is geographic isolation
physical barriers that divid a population preventing mating
what is temporal isolation
timing of reproductive periods preventing mating
a group of organisms that are similar and can mate are called
species
a group of species that inhabit the same area are called
population
what did the beak lab and pepper moth story show us
traits evolve based on what is needed and helps the population to grow and thrive in there environment like changing color or the their of feet or beaks
what is directional selection
pressure on one end shifting in one direction
what is stabilizing selection
pressure of both ends favoring the middle
What is diruptive selection?
pressure on the middle favoring ends
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