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THE RISE OF BIG BUSINESSES AND LABOR MOVEMENT

Terms in this set (30)

An important factor in the rapid development of industry in the United States during the last half of the 19c was?
the availability of capital for investment purposes.
In its approach to union organization, the Knights of Labor officially?
welcomed both skilled and unskilled workers.
A long-range influence of Samuel Gompers on the American labor movement was his advocacy of?
non-involvement in party politics.
The concept of "limited liability" contributed to the development of corporations and was appealing to many Americans because?
all of these choices are correct.
The "Gospel of Wealth," as advanced by Andrew Carnegie, promoted the concept that people with wealth should?
use their resources to help society.
One of the most significant aspects of the Interstate Commerce Act was that it?
represented the first large-scale attempt by the federal government to regulate business.
J. P. Morgan monitored his competition by placing officers of his bank on the board of companies that he wanted to control. This method was known as a(n)?
interlocking directorate.
The first "big business" in America, at least in terms of finance, labor relations, and management, was?
the railroad industry.
The Supreme Court in the United States v. Knight Company?
diminished the effectiveness of the Sherman Anti-Trust Act by ruling that manufacturing was not interstate commerce.
Why did the proportion of women working in clerical jobs increase in the late 19c and early 20c?
because many women had taken typing and shorthand courses in school, employers did not have to invest much in training them.
The Interstate Commerce Act of 1887 and the Sherman Anti-Trust Act of 1890 had in common the fact that they?
were greatly strengthened by the Supreme Court in the years after they were passed.
Which type of governmental assistance was most helpful to labor during the period 1876-1914?
state legislation.
Labor unions were ruled not to be illegal conspiracies provided that their methods were honorable and peaceful in the Supreme Court case of?
Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842).
The 1880s movement for the eight-hour working day is usually associated with which of the following labor organizations?
the Knights of Labor.
Which of the following best accounts for the success of Standard Oil?
its corporate structure--known as horizontal integration--allowed the company to grow tremendously.
Terence V. Powderly, head of the Knights of Labor, advocated?
all of these choices are correct.
"Yellow dog" contracts were contracts?
in which workers promised not to strike or join a union.
A major reason for the low wages of unskilled workers throughout the late 19c was that?
management was able to draw on cheap labor on a global scale.
In the 19c, railroads formed pools in order to?
fix prices and divide business for greater profit.
A closed shop requires workers to?
join a union to secure a job.
The Haymarket bombing of May 4, 1886, was important to the labor movement because it?
aroused public opposition against labor, contributed to the decline of the Knights of Labor, and caused an increase in the membership of the AFL.
Why was the Clayton Anti-Trust Act an improvement over the Sherman Anti-Trust Act?
labor unions and farm organizations were no longer considered as monopolies in restraint of trade.
In the case of Gibbons v. Ogden, the United States Supreme Court did which of the following?
affirmed the power of the federal government over commerce.
By the end of the 1800s, the use of pools, trusts, and holding companies by big business resulted in?
a concentration of economic power in the hands of a few.
All of the following were important factors in post-Civil War industrial expansion EXCEPT?
immigration restrictions.
Many employers cut wages in the late 19c by?
hiring women and children.
President Grover Cleveland responded to the 1894 Pullman strike by?
intervening on the side of management.
In the West, the immigrants who bore the brunt of labor hostility in the 1870s and 1880s were?
Chinese.
Labor relations at the end of the 19c were?
characterized by violence and thousands of strikes.
The ideas of Social Darwinism allowed men of wealth, like Carnegie and Rockefeller, to?
justify the economic inequality that favored them over the nation's poor
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