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Elbow, Shoulder & Hand Academy Test

Terms in this set (32)

Jersey Finger
-avulsion of bone in finger
-finger cannot bend
Boutonnière deformity
-caused by rheumatoid arthritis or traumatic injury
-first joint down second bent up (like a teepee)
-need splint or surgery
Swan neck deformity
-Bending of base joint, straight middle & bending of outermost
-caused by untreated mallet finger
Mallet finger
-end joint of finger falls down when holding hand straight up
-tendon is pulled away from bone (avulsion)
Gamekeeper's thumb
-injury to joint between thumb and index finger
-caused by thumb being pushed sideways away from index finger
Trigger Finger
-finger or thumb is in a bent & locked position
-tendons in hand are inflamed
Carpal tunnel syndrome
-inflammation of the "tunnels"
-caused by repetitive use of wrist
Wrist ganglion
-cyst in wrist
-caused by friction of carpals, infection or direct blow
Olecration Bursitis (elbow)
-cause direct blow or fall
-signs are pain, swelling, tenderness
-treat with ice and go to doctor for a shot
Sprains
-caused by hyperextension or twisting of lower arm
-treat with ice, sling with elbow at 90 degree flexion
Medical Epicondylitis
-aka pitcher's elbow
-caused by inflammation & irritation if medical epicondyle by repetitive flexion
-swelling on inside of elbow
-care with RICE
Lateral Epicondylitis
-aka tennis elbow
-caused by repetitive extension if elbow & wrist
-inflammation of entry point of extensor muscle at the lateral epicondyle
-care with RICE & rehab
Dislocation of the Elbow
-caused by falling on an outstretched arm
-treat by immobilization & doctor
Who broke Abell's arm
-tayyiba haneef
What does HOPS stand for?
-history
-observation
-palpation
-special tests
History (3 questions)
-pop or crack?
-can you point to where pain is?
-did it feel like it came out of place?
Observation (4 things to look for)
-how they're holding their arm
-level of shoulders using bilateral comparison
-is anything popping out
-discoloration
Palpation
-(you) manipulate both arms at the same time
-check for tenderness, swelling, lumps
Special Tests
-apprehension test for dislocations
-flexion and adduction for impingement
-pnf test for muscle weakness
Major shoulder injuries
-clavicle fracture
-fracture of humerus
-acromioclavicular joint sprain
-glenohumeral dislocation
-shoulder impingement syndrome
-rotator cuff strain
-bicep tendonitis
Impingement syndrome
-the rotator cuff tendons become trapped in the shoulder joint
-common with swimmers, football players, overhead throwers
Bicep Tendon Rupture
-direct blow or opposite forces
-muscle rolls up or down
-unable to flex elbow
-need surgery
Dislocation
-head if humerus out of socket
Subluxation
-partial dislocation that can be put back in by itself
Hawkins Kennedy Test
-test for impingement
-person needs to be sitting
-put their arm at a 90 degree angle & rotate internally
-they should feel a sharp shooting pain
Apprehension test
-test for dislocation or instability
-person laying down or sitting,
-adduct arm at 90 degrease & external rotation
AC Test
-test for AC joint stability
-patient sitting
-doctor interlocks his hand and compresses patient's shoulder
Full Can Test
-test for supraspinatus pathology
-person standing
-put arms out with thumbs up and doctor tries to push arms down
Empty Can Test
-test for supraspinatus pathology
-person standing
-45 degree and internal arm rotation
Valgus Stress Test
-test for internal ligament instability
-hand on outside of elbow and push in towards body
Varus Stress Test
-test for lateral ligament instability
-hand inside and push the elbow outwards
5 questions to ask when someone is injured
1) where is the pain?
2)what type if pain: sharp shooting or dull constant pain?
3)pop or crack?
4) what happened?
5)pain on scale from 1-10
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