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Unit 1: Terms

Terms in this set (63)

Line
a mark on a surface. may be continuous of broken; used to create patterns and textures; to imply 3 dimensions; to direct visual movement
Shape
an area with identifiable boundaries: may be organic (based on natural forms thus rounded or irregular); or geometric (based on measured forms)
mass
the solid parts of a 3d object: an area of space devoid of mass is called negative space: an area of mass occupied by mass is called positive space
negative space
an area with no mass
positive space
an area with mass
form
the shape and structure of something. In art, refers to visual aspects such as line, shape, color, texture, and composition
color
sensation produced by various wavelengths of light. Also called hue.
primary colors
red, blue, yellow..cannot be made mixing other colors
secondary colors
orange, green, purple....produced by mixing other colors
value
the lightness or darkness of an area of color, or as measured between black and white
lighter: higher value
darker: lower value
texture
appearance or feel of the surface (smooth or rough). May be actual or implied
composition
the arrangement of the formal components of a work: used to describe the organization of elements in a drawing or painting
perspective
a system of portraying 3d space on a 2d surface.
one point linear perspective
lines recede toward a single vanishing point on the horizon line
two-point perspective
two vanishing points
atmospheric perspective (aerial perspective)
uses properties of light and air...objects become less distinct and cooler inn color as the recede in the distance
dominance in art
a clear prevalence of a single element in the overall design (value, line, shape...etc)
iconography
language of symbols (often religious in nature)
abstract
theoretical; not concrete; nonrepresentational:
art is based less and less on the artists perception and increasingly on the artists conception of things
Realism/Illusionism
artists tried to convey realities of modern life
non-representational art
presents visual forms with no specific references to anything outside themselves
French Academy of Painting and Sculpture
France was the artistic center of Europe. Founded in 1648. It was influential in determining artistic success. Had a strict curriculum which required artists to copy ancient art work. They also had to study history, mythology, literature and anatomy. Also known for being competitive.(King Louis XIV) (pg.110)
low relief sculpture
sculpture with a background plane from which the projections are relatively small
high relief sculpture
sculpture with a background plane from which the projections are relatively large
free standing sculpture
freestanding solid pieces, surrounded on all four sides by empty space. Further divided into Sculpture in the Round and Assemblage Sculpture
contrapposto
in sculpture and painting, an asymmetrical positioning of the human body in which the weight rests on one leg, elevating the hip and opposite shoulder
close to/far from the block (sculpture)
...
subtractive sculpture
A kind of sculpture technique in which materials are taken away from the original mass; carving.
additive sculpture/casting
building up or modeling a form through adding clay, wax, or plaster
assemblage
collages/mobiles: created by assembling or compiling various bits, pieces and objects
pigment
A colored chemical compound that absorbs light, producing color.
Encaustic Painting
a technique of painting in which pigment is mixed with hot wax and burned in an in inlay
Parody Mass
a popular song of the day was inserted into a liturgical mass
word painting
the meaning of words is underscored and emphasized through the music that accompanies them. (sad words= sad music)
polyphony, polyphonic
Two or more melodies are combined;
multiple melodies have equal importance.
Bach inventions and fugues are polyphonic.
Examples: The Fugue and Counterpoint (p.116)
monophony, monophonic
A single melodic line with no other support
Motet
one-movement compositions that set a sacred text to polyphonic choral music, usually with no instrumental accompaniment
Chansons
lighthearted songs that set secular lyric poems to music
A Capella
unaccompanied choir in 6 voice parts
(singing without instruments: voices may emulate instruments: barbershop quartets, choir)
Secular Music
non-religious music
homophonic texture
single line of melody supported by a harmonic accompaniment
Madrigal
a vocal composition for a small group of singers with no accompaniment. Each person sings a different vocal part
opera
a dramatic work in music: a staged drama sing to the accompaniment of an orchestra
concerto grosso
an instrumental musical form consisting of 3 parts or movements, for soloists and orchestra pitted against each other in dramatic contrast
oratorio
a sacred opera sung without costume and without acting because it was forbidden to present biblical characters in a public theater
cantata
a work for a single singer or group of singers accompanied by instruments.
Bach
Example: Cantana No. 80
aria
operatic solo; a song sung by one person in an opera or oratorio
epic poetry
A long narrative poem about the adventures of an almost superhuman character
lyric poetry
A short poem in which a single speaker expresses personal thoughts and feelings
Sonnet
a verse form consisting of 14 lines with a fixed rhyme scheme
valediction
a bidding farewell; a leave-taking; a farewell speech
Ode
a poem usually addressed to a particular person, object or event that has stimulated deep and noble feelings in the poet
pastoral
A work of literature dealing with rural life
elegy
a sad or mournful poem
Aubade
A poem about dawn; a morning love song; or a poem about the parting of lovers at dawn
Ballad
A narrative poem written in four-line stanzas, characterized by swift action and narrated in a direct style.
list poem
A poem written as a list
elements of poetry
situation, speaker, structure, topic/theme, imagery(simile, metaphor, symbol)
Elements of drama
plot, character, topic/theme, setting, spectacle, symbol and
Proscenium stage, actors, thee unities
Proscenium Stage
a performance space in which the audience views the action as if through a picture frame
Three Unities
the unity of time, place and action. The plays action had to be confined to a 24 hour period. single setting, single plot
portraits (genre paintings)
pictures of people, usually showing only the face and upper part of the body
landscape painting (genre paintings)
painting that features scenes of nature: mountains, lakes, gardens, rivers, etc.
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