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SOCIOLOGY TEST 1

Terms in this set (67)

Yablonsky described the street gang as a what?
Near- group
There are diffuse relationships in what kind of group?
Primary Group
Who first described the primary group and secondary group ideal types?
Charles Cooley
The size and scope of the things that are studied in a science is its what?
Levels of analysis
Relationships which involve a lot of emotion are described as being what?
Expressive
What guides people as to what goals they are to pursue and how they are to pursue them?
Institution
A perfect description which lists all of the characteristics of a social phenomenon is a what?
ideal type
What term indicates that the purpose of the secondary group is practical and goal-oriented?
instrumental
An individual in a secondary group and in an institution will know how to act because he or she is filling a what?
role
When relationships in a primary group involve many aspects of a person's life, they are described as being what?
diffuse
What kind of sociology has higher levels of analysis?
macrosociology
By sociological definition, the Auburn city council is a what within politics?
contingent affiliation
Humans do not have instincts and have developed what to direct their action? NOT SURE
Organization
What refers to the increasing liquidity of things, people, and information around the world?
globalization
A study of a group of teenage boys who hang out on the street corner every evening would be what kind of sociology?
microsociology
T or F Complete examples of ideal types are rarely found in the real world.
True
T or F A role gives a person a social identity.
True
T or F A society is the same thing as a nation-state.
False
T or F Lewis Yablonsky observed that the street gang is an ideal-typical group.
False
T or F People set up their lives in much the same way because of institutions.
True
T or F An institution and an organization are the same thing.
False
T or F Society is the highest level of analysis in sociology.
True
T or F The study of separate societies has become more important because of globalization. NOT SURE
True
T or F Yablonsky found that the street gang member knows exactly who are the other members.
False
T or F The members of a secondary group are performing roles and can be replaced by other people.
True
economics, family, politics, religion, education
The five major institutions
Who coined the paradoxical term "the strength of weak ties?"
Mark Granovetter
In what kind of social network would norms of reciprocity develop?
dense social network
When there is only one reason why two people have a relationship within a social network, they have a what?
uniplex tie
A network in which many people do not know one another personally and where ties are mainly indirect is a what?
sparce social network
When two people who have a direct tie also have indirect ties reinforcing their relationship, their direct tie is described as what?
embeddedness
T or F Instrumental relationships within secondary groups are usually uniplex ties.
True
T or F Granovetter found that friends the individual sees "often" are most able to help her find a job.
False
T or F Stark observes that pagan social networks remained intact during the plagues of 165 and 251 AD.
True
T or F Stark believes that Christianity spread during the first and second centuries through social networks.
True
T or F Disease can most effectively be prevented from spreading when it is found to be concentrated in a core of infected persons. NOT SURE
True
No anonymity, surveillance, Trust, norms of reciprocity
Dense social network
Who wrote Primitive Culture?
Edward Tylor
A social network is a kind of what?
social structure
Clifford Geertz defined culture as a system of what?
inherited conceptions
What connects nonmaterial culture with material culture?
Meaning
Whose humanities definition of culture describes true culture as "sweetness and light?"
matthew arnold
The location of wealthy business owners in the upper class above the working class is an example of what? NOT SURE
social network
A connection between Auburn University and an airline company which would make it easier for aviation majors to get jobs in that company is an example of what?
uniplex tie
Who defined culture thusly?
"[A]n historically transmitted pattern of meanings embodied in symbols, a system of inherited conceptions expressed in symbolic forms by means of which men communicate, perpetuate, and develop their knowledge about and attitudes toward life."
Clifford Geertz
What is located at point B of the cultural diamond?
Creator
What is located at point D of the cultural diamond?
Receiver
T or F Technology is material culture.
True
T or F A society's material culture is provided by Nature NOT SURE
True
T or F Something is a "cultural object" because it embodies meaning.
True
T or F Matthew Arnold had a higher regard for "primitive" cultures than did Tylor.
False
T or F Tylor's definition of culture precisely excludes what cannot be called culture. NOT SURE
press override lol
The variable which brings about a change in another variable is the what?
independent variable
When a researcher claims that males commit more violent crime than females because males have more testosterone, she is identifying a what?
variable
When a researcher makes a prediction that one variable will affect another variable, he or she may state this as a what?
hypothesis
The factor or process which explains why an independent variable has an effect on a dependent variable is what?
causal mechanism
Conclusions are reached with statistics in what research methods?
quantitative
Detailed descriptions of the culture of a street gang would be made in what research methods?
qualitative
Participant observation is an example of what research methods?
qualitative
When a researcher claims that his survey measures the social characteristics it is intended to measure, he is confident that his data have what?
validity
What is it when people behave differently because a researcher is watching them?
social desirability response
What will research findings have when we are sure that most people in the greater society will be doing the same things we saw those in our sample doing?
generalizability
T or F The dependent variable comes after an independent variable.
True
T or F The IRB is a bureau of the federal government.
False
T or F Surveys collect quantitative data.
True
T or F Social desirability responses increase the validity of data.
False
T or F IRB approval is required for all research involving human subjects.
True
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