Blair-Broker, Thinking About Psychology, 4e, Module 25

Terms in this set (13)

cognitive abilities
All mental activities associated with thinking, knowing, and remembering.
concept
A mental grouping based on shared similarity.
prototype
A typical best example incorporating the major features of a concept.
algorithm
A problem-solving strategy that guarantees the solution to a problem.
heuristic
A rule-of-thumb problem-solving strategy that makes finding a solution more likely and efficient but does not guarantee a solution.
insight
The sudden realization (Aha!) of the solution to a problem.
mental set
The tendency to approach a particular problem in a particular way.
fixation
A mental set applied so rigidly that it hinders the solution of a problem.
functional fixedness
The tendency to think of things only in terms of their usual functions.
confirmation bias
The tendency to focus on information that supports preconceptions.
availability heuristic
Estimating the likelihood of events based on their availability in memory.
overconfidence
Confidence that is greater than accuracy.
framing
How an issue is worded or presented, which can influence decisions and judgments.
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