Cell Organelles

Term
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nuclear envelope(membrane)
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Terms in this set (26)
nuclear envelope(membrane)
barrier of nucleus, consists of a double membrane, contains nuclear pores that allow for exchanging of material with the rest of the cell
nucleoli
nucleus contains 1 or more, site of ribosome assembly, ribosomes migrate in the cytoplasm through nuclear pores
chromatin
composed of DNA and protein, present when cell isn't dividing, scattered throughout nucleus, condenses to form chromosomes when cell divides
plasma membrane
barrier for cell contents, also contains proteins cholesterol and glycoproteins
microvilli
fingerlike projections that increase surface area for absorption
membrane junctions-tight junctions
impermeable, bind cells together into leak proof sheets
membrane junctions-desmosomes
anchoring junctions that prevent cells from being pulled apart
membrane junctions-gap junctions
allow communication between cells
cytoplasm
material outside nucleus and inside plasma membrane
cytocol
fluid that suspends other elements
organellesmetabolic machinery of cell, "little organs" that perform functionsinclusionschemical substances inside cytoplasmmitochondria"powerhouse" of the cell, change shape continuously, carry out reactions where oxygen is used to break down food/cellular respiration, provides ATP for cellular energyribosomesmade of protein and RNA, site of protein synthesis, found at 2 locations-free in cytoplasm and as part of the rough endoplasmic reticulumendoplasmic reticulumfluid-filled tubules for carrying substancesrough erstudded with ribosomes, synthesize proteinssmooth erfunctions in lipid metabolism and detoxification of drugs and pesticidesgolgi apparatusmodifies and packages proteins, produces different types of packages-secretory vescicles, cell membrane components, and lysosomeslysosomescontain enzymes that digest worn out or non usuable materials within the cellperoxisomesmembranous sacs of oxidase enzymes-detoxify harmful substances such as alcohol and formaldehyde and break down free radicals(highly reactive chemicals), replicate by pinching in halfcytoskeletonnetwork of protein structures that extend throughout the cytoplasm, provides cell with internal frameworkcentriolesrod shaped bodies made of microtubules, direct formation of mitotic spindle during cell divisioncellular projectionsnot found in all cells, used for movementciliamove materials across cell surfaceflagellapropel the cellnucleuscontrol center of the cell, contains genetic material-DNA