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Vestibular Disorders

Terms in this set (54)

oscillopsia
sensation that the environment is moving
(visual disturbance in which objects appear to be oscillating)
vertigo
illusionary sense of movement or rotation (spinning sensation)
diplopia
double vision
presyncope
feeling faint; lightheadedness
4 Primary Oculomotor Tests
1.Gaze stability,2. Voluntary Saccade testing,3. Smooth Pursuit Tracking,4. Optokinetic Nystagmus
Gaze Stability
ability to maintain gaze stable without generation of other eye movements while looking straight, left, right, up, down
Voluntary Saccade Testing
ability to move the eyes in a rapid single movement to refixate a target on the fovea for clear viewing; "Focus on my finger on your right. When I say left, please focus on the finger on your left. When I say right, please focus on the right. Make sure to keep
your head still and only move your eyes."
Smooth Pursuit Tracking
ability to track the movement of a target of interest maintaining image on the fovea with smooth continuous eye movements
Optokinetic Nystagmus
(OKN or OPK) development of reflexive eye movements in the form of jerk nystagmus during visualization of moving objects that fill 80/90% of the visual field
Important questions to ask for balance complaints
1. Nature of the patient's dizziness
2.How long does the dizziness last
3. How often are the attacks of vertigo
4.Precipitating factors (anything you do to cause it)
5. Associated symptoms with vertigo (headaches, tinnitus)
6. Other medical problems
7.Current medications
Cranial Nerves used for eye movements
CN III (Oculomotor Nerve),CN IV (Trochlear Nerve),CN VI (Abducens Nerve)
VOR
(Vestibular-Ocular Reflex) The primary purpose of the VOR is to elicit rapid compensatory eye movements that maintain stability of images on the fovea during head motion.
VSR
(Vestibulospinal Reflex) The purpose of the VSR is to maintain posture and center of mass over ones base of support.
Cranial Nerves and Eye Muscles in horizontal shifts
Nerves: CN III & CN VI
Muscles: Medial Rectus & Lateral Rectus
dysmetria
Saccadic inaccuracy is called dysmetria.
Commonly caused by the inability to see the target and cerebellar lesions.
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