DNA Review Adams

Central Dogma
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Terms in this set (23)
Central Dogma
DNA -> mRNA -> Protein
purpose of translation
Read mRNA to make a protein
Where translation takes place
ribosome in the cytoplasm
Where transcription takes place
nucleus
Purpose of transcription
to make mRNA so that information can leave the nucleus
DNA replication
the process of making a copy of DNA
Helicase
enzyme that unzips the DNA strand
DNA -> DNA base pairs (DNA replication)
A-T
T-A
C-G
G-C
DNA -> mRNA base pairs (transcription)
A-U
T-A
C-G
G-C
Sugar in DNA
deoxyribose sugar
Sugar in RNAribose sugar3 parts of a nucleotidesugar, phosphate, nitrogenous baseRelationship between a chromosome, dna, and a geneA chromosome is made up of DNA and a section of DNA is a genemRNA (messenger RNA)carries information from DNA out of the nucleustRNA (transfer RNA)carries amino acids to the ribosomea type of frameshift mutationdeletion or insertionHow to translate mRNA into amino acidsuse codon chartCodonset of 3 bases that code for an amino acidsubstitution mutationthe change from one base to anotherinversion mutationWhen a section of DNA gets flippedKnowing the base pair rules of DNA led to...Finding the correct structure of DNAKnowing DNA's structure led to...the discovery of the human genomeTranscribe: TAC -GCG - CCC - TAG - ATC - ATTAUG - CGC - GGG - AUC - UAG - UAA